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meaning, all point to the same basic text, which provides firm common ground for constitutional conversation and contestation. This text . . . is the national focal point, the common denominator for all constitutionalists, whether Democrat or Republican, liberal or conservative, private citizen or public servant. . . . .
- SECTION. 1
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- Article. V.
- Article. VI.
- Article. VII.
- NEW JERSEY
- PENNSYLVANIA
- MARYLAND
- SOUTH CAROLINA
- Preamble to the Bill of Rights
- Amendment I.
- Amendment II.
- Amendment III.
- Amendment IV.
- Amendment V.
- Amendment VI.
- Amendment VII.
- Amendment VIII.
- Amendment IX.
- SECTION 1
- SECTION 2
- SECTION 1
- SECTION 3
- SECTION 4
- SECTION 1
- SECTION 2
- SECTION 1
- SECTION 2
- SECTION 3
- SECTION 3
- SECTION 6
- SECTION 1
- SECTION 2
- SECTION 3
- SECTION 1
- SECTION 2
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- SECTION 2
- SECTION 1
- SECTION 2
- SECTION 1
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- SECTION 4
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- SECTION 2
All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Sen- ate and House of Representatives.
The House of Representatives shall be composed of Mem- bers chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifi- cations requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature. No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty fiv...
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, [chosen by the Legislature there- of,]* for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of th...
The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be [on ...
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. Each H...
The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compen- sation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Ses- sion of their respective Houses, and in going to and r...
The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall n...
The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice Presi- dent, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows: Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whol...
The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeach- ment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall...
The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority; - to all Cases affecting Ambassa- dors, other public Ministers and Consuls; - to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction; - to Controversies to wh...
Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levy- ing War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giv- ing them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court. The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treaso...
Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every oth- er State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Author- ity of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed t...
New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States con- cerned as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have P...
The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Con- stitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for pro- posing Amendments, which in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution,...
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority...
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same. Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independence of...
Wil: Livingston David Brearley Wm. Paterson Jona: Dayton
B Franklin Thomas Mifflin Robt Morris Geo. Clymer Thos. FitzSimons Jared Ingersoll James Wilson Gouv Morris Geo: Read Gunning Bedford jun John Dickinson Richard Bassett Jaco: Broom
James McHenry Dan of St. Thos. Jenifer Danl Carroll
J. Rutledge Charles Cotesworth Pinckney Charles Pinckney Pierce Butler
Congress of the United States begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the fourth of March, THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: An...
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridg- ing the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
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Apr 27, 2012 · For more than 200 years, the Constitution of the United States has been a “working” document, maintaining the original principles upon which our nation was founded while, at the same time, changing with the country, as reflected in its amendments. While the U.S. Constitution itself outlines the basic structure of the federal
process to transform the Constitution by adding a Bill of Rights, abolishing slavery, promising freedom and equality, and extending the right to vote to women and African Americans. All told, we have ratified 27 constitutional amendments across American history. We can divide these amendments into four different periods of constitutional reform:
This interactive guide to the U.S. Constitution provides the original text and an explanation of the meaning of each article and amendment. The guide is an excellent research tool for students to use to gain a deeper understanding of one of our nation’s founding documents and the establishment of the federal government.
of the United States Constitution. In the pages that follow, you will find the definitions and main ideas of the principles shown in the graphic below. 1 Popular Sovereignty Who Gives the Government Its Power? “We the people of the United States . . . establish this Constitution for the United States of America.” These words from the ...
Constitutionalism is about the normative and structural premises of political orders; but whereas constitutions utter the forms of organisation of specific political spaces and the normative commitments of the members of that polity,1 and whereas ‘constitutionalisation’ refers to a constitution-hardening process, constitutionalism is the ideolog...
