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- Ethics or moral philosophy is the philosophical study of moral phenomena. It investigates normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right. It is usually divided into three major fields: normative ethics, applied ethics, and metaethics.
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May 8, 2024 · Ethics, the philosophical discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad and morally right and wrong. Its subject consists of fundamental issues of practical decision making, and its major concerns include the nature of ultimate value and the standards by which human actions can be morally evaluated.
- Moral Codes
Other articles where moral code is discussed: collective...
- Virtue
…good man cannot be harmed; virtue, in other words, is by...
- Ethics
Ethics - Ancient, Modern, Western: The first ethical...
- Utilitarianism
Ethics - Utilitarianism, Morality, Consequentialism: At this...
- Peter Singer
In numerous books and articles published in the 1980s and...
- The Stoics
Ethics - Stoic Philosophy, Virtue, Happiness: Stoicism...
- China
Ethics - Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism: The two greatest...
- Objections to Consequentialism
Ethics - Objections, Consequentialism, Morality: Although...
- Moore, Naturalistic Fallacy
Ethics - Moore, Naturalistic Fallacy: At first the scene was...
- Moral Codes
Sep 2, 2014 · Abstract. This chapter provides an overview of the ethics of scientific research. Topics covered include: a review of significant historical events, trends, and cases pertaining to scientific ethics; a discussion of the philosophical foundations of science’s ethical norms; a description of science’s ethical norms; and an examination of some ...
- Defining Ethics and Science
- Naturalistic Fallacy
- Why Scientific Ethics
- Examples of Scientific Ethics
- Contemporary Developments and Future Possibilities
- Assessment
- Bibliography
Ethics is divided into descriptive, normative, and metaethics. Descriptiveethics is the study of empirical facts related to morality, such as how people think about norms, use norms in judgment, or how the norms themselves evolve. There is a rich tradition of organizing knowledge about these things scientifically, ranging from the field of moral ps...
The argument offered most often against the possibility of scientific ethics in the moderate or strong senses is the naturalistic fallacy. First articulated by David Hume in A Treatise of Human Nature (1739), the naturalistic fallacy occurs when one moves from a list of empirical premises to a conclusion that contains a normative component. Hume is...
Given disagreements about whether a scientific ethics in the moderate or strong sense is possible, why might people want such a thing? There are four possibly interrelated reasons. First science seems to some to have undermined traditional ethics, and hence human beings should use science to re-create ethics on firmer foundations. Second scientific...
What might a moderate or strong scientific ethics look like? Herbert Spencer (1820–1903) claimed to offer such a theory in his work; he derived an evolutionary account of morality that is basically utilitarian in nature: If humans but allow the mechanisms of nature to do their work, there will be natural social evolution toward greater freedom. Thi...
There are five general areas in which scientific research has the potential to constrain moral theory: moral psychology, decision theory, social psychology, sociobiology, and artificial modeling of moral reasoning. Moral psychologists focus on the psychological processes involved in moral thought and action. They study such phenomena as akrasia (we...
Is scientific ethics possible? Appropriately enough, this is an empirical matter. Should the promise held out by the rapidly progressing cognitive, biological, and evolutionary sciences be realized, there is reason to be sanguine about the moderate and strong programs for a scientific ethic. Science could reaffirm some of the prescientific insights...
Aristotle. (1985). Nichomachean Ethics.Indianapolis, IN: Hackett. Aristotle's best-known work in normative ethics. Aristotle was a student of Plato, another foundational figure in virtue ethics. Arnhart, Larry. (1998). Darwinian Natural Right: The Biological Ethics of Human Nature. Albany: State University of New YorkPress. Defends a contemporary v...
Oct 21, 2003 · It is of interest to contemporary philosophers of science because of the way in which Kant attempts to articulate a philosophical framework that places substantive conditions on our scientific knowledge of the world while still respecting the autonomy and diverse claims of particular sciences.
- Eric Watkins, Marius Stan
- 2003
Mar 6, 2014 · Scientific discovery is the process or product of successful scientific inquiry. Objects of discovery can be things, events, processes, causes, and properties as well as theories and hypotheses and their features (their explanatory power, for example).
Ethics or moral philosophy is the philosophical study of moral phenomena. It investigates normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right. It is usually divided into three major fields: normative ethics, applied ethics, and metaethics .
Feb 11, 2004 · Einstein’s own philosophy of science is an original synthesis of elements drawn from sources as diverse as neo-Kantianism, conventionalism, and logical empiricism, its distinctive feature being its novel blending of realism with a holist, underdeterminationist form of conventionalism.
