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Gelsenkirchen was first documented in 1150, but it remained a tiny village until the 19th century, when the Industrial Revolution led to the growth of the entire area. In 1840, when the mining of coal began, 6,000 inhabitants lived in Gelsenkirchen; in 1900 the population had increased to 138,000.
Gelsenkirchen was a village of fewer than 1,000 inhabitants in 1850, but the opening in 1853 of its first coal mine and its favourable position on the Rhine-Herne Canal stimulated its rapid development as a Ruhr inland port and industrial centre. It was chartered in 1875 and absorbed the neighbouring towns of Buer and Horst in 1928.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- A Vibrant Industrial City. Gelsenkirchen is a city located in the heart of the Ruhr area, which is known for its rich history in industrialization.
- Home to FC Schalke 04. Gelsenkirchen is famous for being the home of FC Schalke 04, one of the most successful football clubs in Germany.
- Its Industrial Heritage. Gelsenkirchen is a city that proudly displays its industrial heritage through its unique architecture and structures.
- A Green City. Despite its industrial background, Gelsenkirchen is also known for its green spaces, parks, and gardens.
- Zoom Erlebniswelt Gelsenkirchen. The city’s award-winning zoo was founded in 1949 on bomb-damaged land beside the Rhine-Herne Canal and focuses solely on larger animals.
- Schloss Horst. In the Horst district is an imposing Renaissance palace, one of the oldest and most important historical buildings in Westphalia. In the regional “Liperenaissance” style, Schloss went up in 1578, on the site of a medieval predecessor that had burned down.
- FC Schalke 04. Schalke are the third most successful club in the history of the Bundesliga and were Germany’s dominant club in the 1930s. Although Die Königsblauen (The Royal Blues) haven’t won a title since 1958 they’ve come close over the last decade, finishing runner-up in 2007 and 2010.
- Nordsternpark. On the Ruhr’s Industrial Heritage Trail, the Nordsternpark is a recreation area laid out on the former Zeche Nordstern colliery. The mine closed down in 1993, and in just four years the site had been regenerated in time for Gelsenkirchen to host the Bundesgartenschau in 1997 (Federal Garden Exhibition).
The areas surrounding Gelsenkirchen bear the structural and environmental marks of its heavy industry and mining history. Some areas have become green spaces, others museums, and still others have been transformed into cultural sites.
Gelsenkirchen is a city of 260,000 people (2019) at the Ruhr region in the western part of the country, near major cities such as Düsseldorf and Cologne. Through coal mining, the Ruhr Region became the industrial heart of Germany and formed heavily populated cities.
Gelsenkirchen is a city located in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is known for its industrial heritage, particularly in coal mining and heavy industry. Despite this history, the city has diversified its economy and is now home to a variety of businesses in the service and technology sectors.
