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The Weimar Republic, [c] officially known as the German Reich, [d] was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic.
In 1989, the Berlin Wall was opened, the Eastern Bloc collapsed, and East and West Germany were reunited in 1990. The Franco-German friendship became the basis for the political integration of Western Europe in the European Union. In 1998–1999, Germany was one of the founding countries of the eurozone.
- Germany After World War I
- Weimar Constitution
- Hyperinflation and The Fallout
- Dawes Plan
- Great Depression
- Article 48
- Sources
Germany didn’t fare well in the years following World War I, as it was thrown into troubling economic and social disorder. After a series of mutinies by German sailors and soldiers, Kaiser Wilhelm IIlost the support of his military and the German people, and he was forced to abdicate on November 9, 1918. The following day, a provisional government ...
The Weimar Constitution included these highlights: • The German Reich is a Republic. • The government is made of a president, a chancellor and a parliament (Reichstag). • Representatives of the people must be elected equally every four years by all men and women over age 20. • The term of the President is seven years. • All orders of the President ...
Despite its new constitution, the Weimar Republic faced one of Germany’s greatest economic challenges: hyperinflation. Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany’s ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the forme...
Germany elected Gustav Stresemann as their new chancellor in 1923. He ordered Ruhr workers back to the factories and replaced the Mark with a new currency, the American-backed Retenmark. In late 1923, the League of Nations asked U.S. banker and Director of the Budget, Charles Dawes, to help tackle Germany’s reparations and hyperinflation issues. He...
Much of the Weimar Republic’s recovery was due to a steady flow of American dollars into its economy. But unbeknownst to Germany, America had positioned itself for an economic disaster of its own as it faced growing unemployment, low wages, declining stock values and massive, unliquidated bank loans. On October 29, 1929, the U.S. stock market crash...
During hyperinflation, the German middle class bore the brunt of the economic chaos. When another financial crisis hit, they grew weary and distrustful of their government leaders. Searching for new leadership and fearing a Communist takeover, many people turned to extremist parties such as the Nazi Party led by Adolf Hitler, despite his unpopular ...
1929: A Turning Point During the Weimar Republic. Facing History and Ourselves. Charles G. Dawes: Biographical. Nobelprize.org. The Enabling Act. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Holocaust Encyclopedia. The Weimar Republic. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Holocaust Encyclopedia. The Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. Wesleyan Unive...
After the First World War, on 10 January 1920, Germany lost about 13% of its territory to its neighbours (not including its colonies Germany also lost at the same time), and the Weimar Republic was formed two days before this war was over. This republic included territories to the east of today's German borders.
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Apr 5, 2024 · Learn about Germany's fledgling Weimar Republic and the challenges it faced. See all videos for this article. Weimar Republic, the government of Germany from 1919 to 1933, so called because the assembly that adopted its constitution met at Weimar from February 6 to August 11, 1919.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- What was the Weimar Republic?The Weimar Republic was the German government from 1919 to 1933. It is so called because the assembly that adopted its constitution met at Weimar f...
- What did Heinrich Brüning do as chancellor in the Weimar Republic?Chancellor Heinrich Brüning wanted to pass a budget, but after facing parliamentary deadlock, he resorted to the use of the president’s emergency p...
- What was the Dawes Plan?The Dawes Plan was a report on German reparations for World War I drafted by a committee of experts led by American financier Charles G. Dawes that...
- What was the currency introduced by Stresemann?Gustav Stresemann introduced a new currency, the Rentenmark, in 1923 but in limited quantities. It was backed by a mortgage on the entire industria...
Germany from 1918 to 1945. The rise and fall of the Weimar Republic, 1918–33. Changes in Germany's territory and internal status, 1914–90. The republic proclaimed early in the afternoon of Saturday, November 9, 1918, is often called the “accidental republic.”
Dec 25, 2016 · Below is the map of German territorial losses since first world war. With the start of the Cold War (1949), the western part of Germany become the Federal Republic of Germany. The eastern part, including the Soviet part of Berlin, became the communist German Democratic Republic.
