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Dec 16, 2017 · The one disease that they diagnosed correctly was diabetes because of the sweet taste of a patient’s urine. In 1674, an English doctor named Thomas Willis described diabetic urine as “wonderfully sweet as if it were imbued with honey or sugar.”. The first clinical test for sugar in urine was developed in 1841 by Karl Trommer, which ...
A urinalysis test is performed by collecting a urine sample from the patient in a specimen cup. Usually only small amounts (30-60 mL) may be required for urinalysis testing. The sample can be either analyzed in the medical clinic or sent to a laboratory to perform the tests. Urinalysis is abbreviated UA.
- Khaled Fareed, MD
May 30, 2013 · Ancient Babylonian and Sumerian physicians first inscribed their evaluations of urine into clay tablets as early as 4,000 B.C. Later, in ancient Greece, Hippocrates, often called the father of ...
Oct 29, 2020 · Many communities recommended or required that citizens wear face masks in public – and this, not the onerous lockdowns, drew the most ire. In mid-October of 1918, amidst a raging epidemic in the Northeast and rapidly growing outbreaks nationwide, the United States Public Health Service circulated leaflets recommending that all citizens wear a ...
- Overview
- What are urine tests used for and what can they show?
- What are the different types of urine tests?
- What are normal results for a urine test?
- What are abnormal results for a urine test?
- What is rapid dipstick urinalysis?
- Takeaway
Urine tests measure specific substances in your urine, such as electrolytes, proteins, and bacteria. These tests can reveal a lot about your health, particularly when gradual changes or big jumps outside normal ranges occur.
Your body uses urine to remove toxins, excess water, and other substances. But urine can also reveal information about your overall health and well-being.
How well your body filters out toxins and other wastes, and what kinds of substances are showing up in your urine, can tell a doctor a lot about how well your body systems are working. Issues relating to your kidneys, liver, pancreas, or heart can all be flagged by an abnormal urine test result.
This article reviews what kinds of things routine urine tests check for, as well as normal and abnormal test ranges, and what these results might indicate.
Urine tests reveal a lot of information about you. The color, odor, and clarity of urine can be used to indicate kidney health or even signal an infection. A more detailed analysis of the substances in your urine can give other clues about how well your different organ systems are functioning.
Each body system uses a specific formula of minerals or solutions — called electrolytes — to trigger and regulate activity. Different substances play bigger roles in different areas of your body. For example, potassium can have a critical effect on your heart function, while calcium and magnesium are used by your muscles.
Many electrolytes and minerals that your body uses for normal functioning can serve a purpose in one area of the body and cause a problem in another. Balance is important, and any change in the normal range of these substances can lead to serious symptoms.
A urinalysis is a basic urine test that measures the amounts of different substances in your urine. Seeing where your results fall in — or outside of — the normal range of values can tell your doctor a lot about how well your body is working overall, or what body system might be responsible for symptoms you may be having.
Below is a list of common urinalysis tests by type, and what kinds of problems these tests might be used to identify.
•Visual inspection: This is a simple visualization of a urine sample for color and clarity. Cloudy or discolored urine can indicate an infection or various problems with your metabolism.
•Microscopic exam: With these tests, a small sample of urine is examined under a microscope for abnormal crystals, bacteria, or cell types. Infections and kidney problems are the most common problems identified with these tests.
•Dipstick test: A dipstick test uses a reactive strip of paper that will change color in the presence of certain substances. These tests can be tailored for different uses but are often used to check things such as protein or glucose levels, pregnancy and hormone levels, or drug ingestion.
•Albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR): This test measures the balance of your body’s primary protein type (albumin) and a waste product that comes from your muscles (creatinine). The amount of these two substances that makes it into your urine can provide a lot of information about your kidney function and how well your kidneys are filtering toxins and other substances from your body.
•Microalbumin test: This test is a more detailed version of the uACR tests. The presence of smaller albumin proteins in your urine might indicate more than just a general problem, but rather a specific diagnosis. Trace amounts of these small proteins can be found in people with conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure.
Normal ranges are estimated for almost every substance in your body, from blood to sodium. Too much or too little of anything can lead to problems. If your test results fall within the normal range, it’s assumed you’re in overall good health.
Gradual changes over time — even within a normal range — or big jumps to values outside of normal ranges can give your doctor reason to take a closer look at different body systems and how well they’re working.
Results that fall outside of the normal range on urine tests can mean a lot of different things. For each value, a high or low could be either good or bad. For certain electrolytes, the desired range for you could depend on what medical conditions you have, your age, and other factors.
Some “red flag” results when it comes to urine test results and their meaning include:
A urine dipstick analysis is usually used to get a quick result on a particular substance. These tests use treated paper that changes color when exposed to the test substance. They’re often used to check for things such as glucose, infections, pregnancy, or drug ingestion.
Your doctor may have access to several types of rapid dipstick tests. There are also some you can buy over-the-counter to use at home.
For virtually all substances in your body, there are normal ranges. Levels that are too high or too low may indicate a health issue.
Urine tests can provide useful information about your health, depending on whether your results fall within or outside the normal range of values. For some substances, such as protein, the very presence in your urine is a cause for concern, or at the very least, additional testing.
Feb 8, 2022 · A urine glucose test is an indirect measure of your blood sugar ( glucose) levels. When glucose levels are too high, the kidneys excrete the excess amount in the urine. Therefore, detecting glucose in the urine may be both a sign and a reminder to regulate your blood glucose levels more tightly. While this test is less accurate than a blood ...
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Did Jesus see through the Mask of the woman?
Mar 23, 2014 · The mask we see on the other is often the mask the world tells us to see. The danger in our society is when certain political or interest groups want to assign a litmus test to determine what is or is not Christian. The danger is when we accept unchallenged the prejudices and fears of others.
