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On 1 October 1984, it became the Hainan Administrative Region (海南行政区), with its own People's Government, and finally as a province separate from Guangdong four years later. In 1988, when the island was made a separate province, it was designated a Special Economic Zone in an effort to increase investment.
- Hainan Submarine Base
Yulin Naval Base (Chinese: 楡林海军基地) is the traditional base...
- Attacked Hainan
The Battle of Hainan Island (simplified Chinese: 海南岛战役;...
- Hainan Island Incident
The Hainan Island incident occurred on April 1, 2001, when a...
- Fei
Wang Feifei (Chinese: 王霏霏; born April 27, 1987), also known...
- Hainan Submarine Base
- Overview
- Land
- People
- Economy
Hainan, sheng (province) in southern China. Its name means “south of the sea.” The main land territory of the province is coextensive with Hainan Island and a handful of nearby offshore islands located in the South China Sea and separated from the Leizhou Peninsula of southern Guangdong province to the north by the shallow and narrow Hainan Strait (Qiongzhou Haixia). The west coast of Hainan Island is some 200 miles (320 km) east of northern Vietnam, across the Gulf of Tonkin.
In addition, China has claimed three island groups south of Hainan—the Paracel Islands (Xisha Qundao), Macclesfield Bank (Zhongsha Qundao), and the Spratly Islands (Nansha Qundao)—and their surrounding waters and has designated them as part of the province. However, ownership of those islands (most of which consist of uninhabited islets and rocky shoals) is contested by several countries in the region, and there is no international recognition of sovereignty for any group of them.
Hainan Island was geologically connected with the southern Chinese mainland until a rift through the Hainan Strait opened sometime during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs (about 23 to 2.6 million years ago). The island is approximately oval in shape and measures about 160 miles (260 km) from east to west and 130 miles (210 km) from north to south at its widest point. The land rises abruptly in the southwestern interior of the island, reaching an elevation of 6,125 feet (1,867 metres) above sea level at Mount Wuzhi. Immediately to the northwest of the Wuzhi massif is the Limu Range, with several peaks above 4,600 feet (1,400 metres).
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Lower hills and tablelands fan out from this mountainous centre, culminating in narrow coastal alluvial plains that reach their broadest extent in the northeast. Dozens of rivers and streams cascade out of the mountains to the sea through tablelands and plains; the longest, the Nandu River, flows northeastward, while the other two major rivers, the Changhua and Wanquan, flow to the west and east, respectively, from the mountainous core. Hainan’s long coastline of more than 930 miles (1,500 km) contains numerous bays and natural harbours.
Hainan’s climate is tropical and monsoonal (i.e., wet-dry). Temperatures average about 64 °F (18 °C) in January and 82 °F (28 °C) in July. Rainfall is heavy, especially in summer during the wet monsoon. The average annual precipitation varies from about 70 inches (1,800 mm) in the east to less than 60 inches (1,500 mm) in the western coastal area. Tropical storms and typhoons (tropical cyclones) often hit the province, especially in late summer and early fall. Because of the uneven distribution of rainfall in different seasons and in different areas, droughts can occur from time to time. Several large and medium-sized reservoirs have been built, and hundreds more smaller ones dot the island’s countryside. The northeastern lowlands can sustain three crops of rice per year.
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Hainan’s population is predominantly rural and is concentrated in the northeastern lowlands. However, urbanization has been rapid since the late 1990s. Most of the people in the province are Han Chinese, but about one-sixth are ethnic minorities. The Li, concentrated in the south-central and southwestern areas, constitute the largest minority group...
Until the late 20th century, Hainan’s economy was predominantly agricultural, with agricultural products accounting for most of the island’s exports. Hainan’s elevation to province-level status, however, was accompanied by its designation as China’s largest special economic zone, the intent being to hasten the development of the island’s plentiful ...
In 1921, it was planned to become a Special Administrative Region (瓊崖特別行政區), and in 1944, it became Hainan Special Administrative Region with 16 counties, including many of the South China Sea islands.
In 1921, it was planned to become a special administrative region in 1944, as Hainan Special Administrative Region with 16 counties containing the South China Sea Islands. During World War II, Japanese occupied Hainan Island (1939–45), over one-third of the male population were killed by the Japanese with the Li ethnic minority suffering greatly.
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In 1921, it was planned to become a special administrative region Qiongya (瓊崖特別⾏政區 Qióngyá Tèbié Xíngzhèngqū); in 1944, it became Hainan Special Administrative Region with 16 counties, including the South China Sea Islands. Hainan was one of the last areas to eventually come under the
The status of a special administrative region for Taiwan and other areas controlled by the Republic of China (ROC) was first proposed in 1981. The 1981 proposal was put forth by NPC chairman Ye Jianying called "Ye's nine points" ( 葉九條 ). [18]
Nov 24, 2022 · Still administered by Guangdong province after the 1911 revolution, the Republic of China (ROC) established a Qiongya (瓊崖 qióngyá) Special Region in the 1930s. After the war with Japan, the ROC renamed Qiongya the Hainan Special Administrative Region Footnote 1 in August 1947.
