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Apr 3, 2024 · Manuel Quezon (born August 19, 1878, Baler, Philippines—died August 1, 1944, Saranac Lake, New York, U.S.) was a Filipino statesman, leader of the independence movement, and the first president of the Philippine Commonwealth established under U.S. tutelage in 1935.
- Early Public Offices
- President of The Philippines
- Assessment of Quezon
- Further Reading
- Additional Sources
In 1903 Quezon passed the bar examination and set up practice in Baler. He gave up private practice to assume the post of provincial fiscal of Mindoro and later of Tayabas. In 1906 he was elected provincial governor. His campaign showed his native political wisdom when he sided with popular issues in a somewhat opportunistic manner. Often he abando...
In September 1935, under the banner of a coalition party, Quezon was elected first president of the commonwealth, with Osmeña as vice president. Quezon's first act as chief executive was to push a national defense bill through the rubber-stamp unicameral legislature, which he controlled. This bill made him chairman of the Council for National Defen...
Although Quezon lived through the most turbulent times in Philippine history, when the peasantry—who composed 75 percent of the people—was rebelling against social injustice and age-old exploitation, he failed to institute long-lasting reforms in land tenancy, wages, income distribution, and other areas of crisis. Essentially a politician who was b...
The most authoritative source on Quezon's life is his autobiography, The Good Fight (1946). For his career and the historical circumstances surrounding it, the following are standard references: Carlos Quirino, Quezon: Man of Destiny (1935); Joseph R. Hayden, The Philippines: A Study in National Development (1942); Teodoro A. Agoncillo and Oscar M....
Enosawa, G. H., Manuel L. Quezon: from Nipa house to Malacanan,Manila?: M.L. Morato, 1993. Quezon: thoughts and anecdotes about him and his fights,Quezon City?: J.F. Rivera, 1979. Romulo, Carlos P., The Philippine presidents: memoirs of,Quezon City: New Day Publishers; Detroit, Mich.: exclusive distributors, Cellar Book Shop, 1988. □
When Manuel L. Quezon was inaugurated President of the Philippines in 1935, he became the first Filipino to head a government of the Philippines since Emilio Aguinaldo and the Malolos Republic in 1898.
The first national presidential election was held, and Manuel L. Quezon (1935–44) was elected to a six-year term, with no provision for re-election, as the second Philippine president and the first Commonwealth president.
In October 1935, Manuel L. Quezon was elected the first president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, which had been established, still under United States sovereignty, under a constitution ratified on May 14 of that year.
- Six years, non–renewable
- ₱411,382/US$ 7,409 per month
The Philippine Commonwealth had been created by the Tydings-McDuffie Act, which was approved by the U.S. Congress in 1934. When Manuel L. Quezon became president in 1935, he was the first Filipino to head an elected government in the Philippines.
When Manuel L. Quezon became president in 1935, he was the first Filipino to head an elected government in the Philippines. The President of the Philippine Commonwealth had strong control of the islands and was guided by a Supreme Court.
