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  1. During the Third Republic of the Philippines from 1945-1972: - Literature reflected the continued oppression under Martial Law and the assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr., with more openly revolutionary and critical poems, songs, and prose.

  2. Jan 21, 2024 · Post-war Philippine literature saw the emergence of various literary movements and themes. Some of the significant works include “Without Seeing the Dawn” by Stevan Javellana, “The Hand of the Enemy” by Kerima Polotan, and “The Woman Who Had Two Navels” by Nick Joaquin.

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  4. In the April 23, 1946 election, Roxas won 54 percent of the vote, and the Liberal Party won a majority in the legislature. When the Philippines gained independence from the United States on July 4, 1946, Roxas became the first president of the new republic.

  5. Jan 21, 2024 · Carlos P. Garcia served as the president of the Third Philippine Republic from 1957 to 1961. His administration promoted the “Filipino First” policy, which aimed to regain economic independence and promote Filipino industries.

  6. Jan 2, 1981 · Ferdinand Marcos Philippine President during Period of Third Republic 1981- 1985 chanting, and shouting; women, men and the youth became bolder and their voices were raised in dissent. We can say that Philippine literature, in spite of the many restrictions, still surreptitiously retained its luster.

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  7. Philippine literature in English has its roots in the efforts of the United States, then engaged in a war with Filipino nationalist forces at the end of the 19th century. By 1901, public education was institutionalized in the Philippines, with English serving as the medium of instruction.

  8. Learn about the Third Republic of the Philippines, the era of sovereignty and democracy after the end of US colonial rule.