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Learn about RNA, which stands for ribonucleic acid. Discover the relationship between RNA and DNA, the function of RNA, and how long RNA lives. Finally, explore the three types of RNA, which...
Overview of RNA and its three main types.
- RNA Functions
- Types of RNA
- History
- Interesting RNA Facts
- References
Two of the most familiar functions of RNA are transcription and translation, but it is a key to many important activities in cells. 1. RNA is the principal genetic material in some viruses. 2. In transcription, a cell makes RNA from DNA. 3. RNA interference controls the post-transcription of some genes by targeting regions of the genetic code for d...
There are dozens of types of RNA. The best-studied forms are involved in protein synthesis, DNA replications, post-transcriptional modification, and gene regulation. Three important types of RNA that are found in all living organisms are messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA. 1. mRNA or messenger RNA: mRNA is a single-stranded molecule tha...
Friedrich Miescherdiscovered nucleic acids in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells in1868. Later, scientists realized prokaryotic cells also contain nucleic acids. By 1939, researchers suspected RNA played a role in protein synthesis. Severo Ochoa won half of the 1959 Novel Prize in Medicine for his discovery of an enzyme capable of synthesizing RNA (alt...
Cells contain much more RNA than DNA. For example, RNA accounts for about 5% of the weight of a human cell, while DNA only accounts for about 1% of its weight.In human cells, DNA only occurs within the nucleus, but RNA occurs in both the cytoplasm and nucleus.Some cancer treatments use RNA because of its ability to reduce expression of cancer-causing genes.RNA can suppress fruit ripening, keeping food fresh longer so it can be transported to stores.Barciszewski, J.; Frederic, B.; Clark, C. (1999). RNA Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Springer. ISBN 978-0-7923-5862-6.Berg, J.M.; Tymoczko, J.L.; Stryer, L. (2002). Biochemistry(5th ed.). WH Freeman and Company. ISBN 978-0-7167-4684-3.Cooper, G.C.; Hausman, R.E. (2004). The Cell: A Molecular Approach(3rd ed.). Sinauer. ISBN 978-0-87893-214-6.Mattick, J.S. (October 2004). “The hidden genetic program of complex organisms”. Scientific American. 291 (4): 60–67. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1004-60May 28, 2024 · RNA, complex compound of high molecular weight that functions in cellular protein synthesis and replaces DNA as a carrier of genetic codes in some viruses. RNA consists of ribose nucleotides and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
noun. definition: any of several single-stranded nucleic acids containing the sugar ribose that occur in the cytoplasm of all living cells and are essential in protein synthesis; ribonucleic acid.
Jan 8, 2020 · Ribonucleic acid is a biopolymer used to code, decode, regulate, and express genes. Forms of RNA include messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). RNA codes for amino acid sequences, which may be combined to form proteins.
Every strand of RNA is a sequence of four building blocks called nucleotides. Each RNA nucleotide consists of three parts: a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base. A folded strand of RNA, with its sugar and phosphate backbone shown in blue and its bases shown in green.
