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In his classic 1969 article, Conceptual models and the Cuban Missile Crisis, Graham Allison (reference below) sets out three models or lenses for analyzing government action. WikiSummary (reference below) summarizes these as: Model 1. The state acts as a unitary rational actor to make “decisions.”. Model 2.
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In response, Allison constructed three different ways (or "lenses") through which analysts can examine events: the "Rational Actor" model, the "Organizational Behavior" model, and the "Governmental Politics" model.
Beginning with Allison’s three models: Rational Actor Model: Model I; Organisational Behaviour Model: Model II; Governmental politics Model: Model III, and explaining what these models are, this paper steps further to explain how good or how bad these models are.
- Tulasi R Kafle
Model II analyst identifies the relevant organi-zations and displays the patterns of organiza-tional behavior from which this action emerged. The third model focuses on the internal politics of a government. Happenings in foreign affairs are understood, according to the bureaucratic politics model, neither as choices nor as outputs.
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As discussed in the introduction, the bureaucratic politics model was one of three conceptual lenses that Allison (1969; 1971) employed to explain US foreign policy making during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. More accurately, Allison termed it the governmental politics model.
Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis: Rational Policy, Organization Process, and Bureaucratic Politics . Author. Graham T. Allison. Subject. An analysis of the proposition that the maker of governmental policy is not a rational, unitary decisionmaker but rather a conglomerate of large organizations and political actors, and of the ...
Allison offers a critical analysis of governmental decision-making during the Cuban missile crisis, one of the most challenging crises of the Cold War, through three conceptual lenses: rational actor, organizational behavior, and governmental politics.
