Search results
peacebella.blogspot.com
- Fertilization in plants occurs after pollination and germination. Pollination occurs through the transfer of pollen – which is the male microgametes of seed plants, producing the sperm – from one plant to the stigma (the female reproductive organ) of another. The pollen grain takes up water and germination occurs.
People also ask
What is the process of fertilization in plants?
What is the process of fertilization in gymnosperms & angiosperms?
What is a seed ovule?
What is double fertilization?
What is the process of seed development in angiosperms?
Which sperm enters the ovule after fertilization?
Oct 31, 2023 · The seed is composed of the embryo and tissue from the mother plant, which also form a cone around the seed in coniferous plants such as pine and spruce. The ovules after fertilization develop into the seeds.
- 32.2: Pollination and Fertilization
Describe what must occur for plant fertilization; Explain...
- 32.7: Pollination and Fertilization
Key Points. Double fertilization involves two sperm cells;...
- 32.2: Pollination and Fertilization
- Overview
- What are post-fertilization events?
- Endosperm
- Embryo
- Seed
- Fruit
Development of endosperm, embryo, seed, and fruit after double fertilization.
This article offers and overview of the post-fertilization development of endosperm, embryo, seed, and fruit from a fertilized flower.
Where do baby plants come from? You might know that seeds can be give rise to new plants. But where do we get seeds? Once a flower has been successfully pollinated and fertilized, parts of it eventually develop to form the fruit, seed, etc.
Let's take a closer look at some of these structures - the endosperm, embryo, seed and fruit. Interestingly, they develop in sequence; first comes the endosperm, then the embryo, and finally the seed and fruit.
At the end of double-fertilization, the primary endosperm cell contains the primary endosperm nucleus (PEN). Most often, the PEN will first undergo repeated nuclear divisions to produce a tissue called the free-nuclear endosperm. Later, cell walls develop around the free nuclei to create cellular endosperm. This tissue surrounds the embryo, and provides it with nutrition.
In some species such as the pea or bean plants, the embryo uses up its endosperm as it develops. In others like the castor bean, wheat, maize, and barley plants, the endosperm is still present in the mature seed.
The other structure formed at the end of double-fertilization is the zygote. Embryogeny, or embryo development, will usually only begin once there is some amount of endosperm available for nourishment.
Both monocots and dicots
[(what are these cots?)]
share similarities in the initial stages of embryogeny. In both cases, the zygote divides to form a proembryo, which gives rise to a mature embryo. Typically, the embryo has an embryonal axis, a radicle, and a root tip or cap.
The fertilized ovule, or seed, develops last, along with the transformation of the ovary into fruit. Here are some common features of seeds:
•Depending on the species of plant, a typical seed has one or more seed coat (formed from the integuments of the ovule), one or more cotyledons, and an embryo axis.
•Mature seeds can be non-albuminous (no endosperm present), or albuminous (retains endosperm).
•In some cases, like black pepper and beets, remnants of the nucellus can be found (perisperm).
As the ovule forms the seed, the walls of the ovary become the pericarp, or walls of the fruit. Most often, the petals of the flowers fall off during this time, and the fruit develops only from the ovary (true fruits such as grapes and figs). In some others like apples, strawberries and cashews, other parts of the flower also develop into the fruit (false fruits).
In some cases, fruits can develop without fertilization occurring at all. This is known as parthenocarpy (eg. banana).
That's a lot of information we've just learnt about seeds and fruits. Let's take a few refreshers.
Click on the little grey circles in the top right corner, next to "test your understanding" to move onto subsequent questions.
test your understanding 1
•
Describe what must occur for plant fertilization; Explain cross-pollination and the ways in which it takes place; Describe the process that leads to the development of a seed; Define double fertilization
Sep 23, 2022 · In plants, fertilization is the process of sexual reproduction that occurs after pollination. Strassburger discovered fertilization in flowering plants in 1884. Fertilization is similar in flowering plants (angiosperms) and seed -bearing plants (gymnosperms).
Oct 31, 2023 · Key Points. Double fertilization involves two sperm cells; one fertilizes the egg cell to form the zygote, while the other fuses with the two polar nuclei that form the endosperm. After fertilization, the fertilized ovule forms the seed while the tissues of the ovary become the fruit.
Plant reproductive system - Seeds, Pollination, Fertilization: In the two great groups of seed plants, gymnosperms and angiosperms, the sporophyte is the dominant phase in the life cycle, as it is also in the vascular cryptogams; the gametophytes are microscopic parasites on the sporophytes.
Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following: Describe what must occur for plant fertilization. Explain cross-pollination and the ways in which it takes place. Describe the process that leads to the development of a seed. Define double fertilization.
![[Class 10 Biology] Explain the process of Fertilization in plants](https://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=plant+fertilization+seed&ei=UTF-8&age=1w&th=121.9&tw=107.6&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fd1avenlh0i1xmr.cloudfront.net%2F7e688a12-2deb-498b-b548-30e74d8cd2cd%2Ffertilisation---teachoo.jpg&rurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.teachoo.com%2F17657%2F3523%2FFertilization%2Fcategory%2FConcepts%2F&size=114KB&name=%5BClass+10+Biology%5D+Explain+the+process+of+Fertilization+in+plants&oid=3&h=839&w=740&turl=https%3A%2F%2Ftse1.mm.bing.net%2Fth%3Fid%3DOIP.VGNC2wiXoHMS2VxCAFdTBwHaIZ%26pid%3DApi%26rs%3D1%26c%3D1%26qlt%3D95%26w%3D107%26h%3D121&tt=%5BClass+10+Biology%5D+Explain+the+process+of+Fertilization+in+plants&sigr=5M5iMeq7dOLS&sigit=rtOZucmgkZ09&sigi=j9Lbb0om47Id&sign=gxZLdOSrXdsZ&sigt=gxZLdOSrXdsZ "[Class 10 Biology] Explain the process of Fertilization in plants")
