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  2. The gravitational constant is an empirical physical constant involved in the calculation of gravitational effects in Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation and in Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity. It is also known as the universal gravitational constant, the Newtonian constant of gravitation, or the Cavendish ...

  3. May 12, 2024 · gravitational constant (G), physical constant denoted by G and used in calculating the gravitational attraction between two objects. In Newton’s law of universal gravitation , the attractive force between two objects ( F ) is equal to G times the product of their masses ( m 1 m 2 ) divided by the square of the distance between them ( r 2 ...

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  4. Sep 21, 2022 · Also known as "Big G" or G, the gravitational constant was first defined by Isaac Newton in his Law of Universal Gravitation formulated in 1680. It is one of the fundamental constants of...

  5. Learn about the universal gravitational constant G, which is the proportionality factor in Newton's law of universal gravitation. Find out how G is derived, measured and related to other physical quantities.

  6. Aug 11, 2021 · The constant G is called the universal gravitational constant and Cavendish determined it to be G = 6.67 x 10 −11 N • m 2 /kg 2. The word ‘universal’ indicates that scientists think that this constant applies to masses of any composition and that it is the same throughout the Universe.

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