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Nestor Ivanovych Makhno [a] ( Ukrainian: Нестор Івaнович Махно, pronounced [ˈnɛstor iˈʋɑnowɪt͡ʃ mɐxˈnɔ]; 7 November 1888 – 25 July 1934), also known as Batko Makhno (батько Махно, lit. 'Father Makhno' ), [b] was a Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary and the commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of ...
Nestor Ivanovych Makhno (Ukrainian: Не́стор Івáнович Махно́; 7 November [O.S. 26 October] 1888 – July 25, 1934), commonly known as Bat'ko Makhno (Ukrainian: батько Махно; ˈbɑtʲko mɐxˈnɔ, "Father Makhno"), was a Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary and the commander of an independent anarchist army in Ukraine ...
Oct 14, 2016 · Nestor Ivanovich Makhno, the anarchist partisan leader, was among the most colorful and heroic figures of the Russian Revolution and Civil War. His movement in the Ukraine represents one of the few occasions in history when anarchists controlled a large territory for an extended period of time.
- Early Life↑
- The Makhnovshchina↑
- Exile↑
- Characterising Makhno and The Makhnovshchina↑
Nestor Makhno (1889-1934) was the youngest son of a poor peasant family in Hulai-Pole. Following his father's death, he worked in a factory. In 1905, he joined a group called the "Peasant Group of Anarcho-Communists", which committed a number of robberies. He was arrested three times for his revolutionary and criminal activities. The last arrest in...
Head of the Hulai-Pole Soviet↑
The February Revolution in 1917 freed Makhno from prison. He returned to Hulai-Pole, where he murdered the three informants whose testimony had put him in prison. With the support of his old acquaintances he became the chairman of the local peasant union, which in August 1917 became the Hulai-Pole soviet. In this position, he oversaw the redistribution of land once owned by landowners, Mennonites, and prosperous peasants (kulaks). He sided with the Bolsheviks in their war with the Ukrainian n...
The Revolt against Hetman Skoropads'ky↑
In July 1918, Makhno returned to Hulai-Pole and formed a small band that attacked and robbed landowners' estates. Pursued and surrounded by punitive units of the Central Powers, Makhno allied with the leader of another band, Fedor Iu. Shus' (1893-1921). Together they inflicted a resounding defeat on Austro-Hungarian forces near the village of Dibrivka in October. The munitions Makhno captured from them allowed him to arm more peasant insurgents. This marked the beginning of Makhno's insurgent...
The Highpoint of the Makhnovshchina↑
Makhno received arms from the Bolsheviks, enabling him to expand his forces considerably, by some accounts from 400 fighters in January 1919 to 20,000 by April. Makhno also created a rudimentary central staff. In the first half of 1919, he extended his power around the region east and south of Ekaterinoslav. Despite the formal subordination to the Red Army, Makhno retained his military and political independence. He organised political meetings at which delegates attacked the Bolsheviks' part...
Makhno spent his first years in exile in Romania (until April 1922) and Poland (until January 1924). He was an unwelcome guest in both countries - the Polish government even tried to convict him for revolutionary agitation. Following his time in Poland, Makhno moved to Danzig and then to Paris. He lived in poverty until he died of tuberculosis in 1...
Despite these controversies, Nestor Makhno has long held the affections of many Western anarchists who praise him as an emancipatory alternative to Bolshevik communism and one of the first figures to implement anarchist ideology. Historians, however, have discussed whether one should understand him as an anarchist, a peasant leader, or an apolitica...
Nov 27, 2023 · The two statues of this anarchist war leader, who was born here in 1888 and died in Paris in 1934, are still standing. The first, in the purest post-Soviet kitsch tradition, watches over the ...
- Ariane Chemin
Nestor Ivanovych Makhno, also known as Batko Makhno, was a Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary and the commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence.
makhno, nestor ivanovich (1889 – 1934), leader of an insurgent peasant army in the civil war and hero of the libertarian Left. Born in Ukraine of peasant stock in Hulyai-Pole, Yekaterinoslav guberniya, Nestor Makhno (n é Mikhnenko) became an anarchist during the 1905 Revolution.
