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Cyprus (Greek: Κύπρος, Kýpros) or the Theme of Cyprus (Greek: θέμα Κύπρου, théma Kýprou) was a Byzantine province located in the island of Cyprus, established in 965 after the reconquest of Cyprus by the Byzantine navy.
Cyprus is the third-largest and third-most populous island in the Mediterranean. [11] [12] It is east of Greece, north of Egypt, south of Turkey, and west of Lebanon and Syria. Its capital and largest city is Nicosia.
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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Cyprus: Cyprus – Eurasian island country located in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and north of Egypt.
- History
- Economy
- Society and Culture
- List of Monarchs of Cyprus
- Pretenders of The Kingdom of Cyprus
- Titles of The Kings of Cyprus
- See Also
- Further Reading
Medieval Cyprus
After the division of the Roman Empire into an eastern half and a western half, Cyprus came under the rule of the Eastern Roman Empire. At that time, its bishop, while still subject to the Christian Church, was made autocephalous by the First Council of Ephesusin 431. The Arab Muslims invaded Cyprus in force in the 650s, but in 688, the Byzantine emperor Justinian II and the Umayyad caliph ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān reached an unprecedented agreement. For the next 300 years, Cyprus was ruled jo...
Third Crusade
The island of Cyprus was conquered in 1191 by King Richard I of England during the Third Crusade, from Isaac Komnenos, an upstart local governor, Byzantine Prince and self-proclaimed emperor of the Byzantine Empire. The English king did not intend to conquer the island until his fleet was scattered by a storm en route to the siege of Acre (1189–1191). The three ships were wrecked and sank in sight of the port of Limassol. The shipwrecked survivors were taken prisoner by Komnenos and when a sh...
Knights Templar
When King Richard I of England realized that Cyprus would prove to be a difficult territory to maintain and oversee whilst launching offensives in the Holy Land, he sold it to the Knights Templar for a fee of 100,000 bezants, 40,000 of which was to be paid immediately, while the remainder was to be paid in installments. One of the greatest military orders of medieval times, the Knights Templar were renowned for their remarkable financial power and vast holdings of land and property throughout...
The economy of Cyprus remained primarily agrarian during the Lusignan period. Simultaneously, though, the island grew in importance in the trade network connecting Western Europe and the Middle East, serving as an "entrepôt". This led to an increase in demand on Cypriot products (most importantly sugar, but also wine, wheat, oil, carobs) abroad, an...
Cypriot society in the Lusignan period was multi-ethnic, with Orthodox Greek Cypriots making up the majority of the population Greeks constituted the majority of the population in the rural areas, where they were either serfs (paroikoi) or free tenants (francomati). The population increased until the middle of the fourteenth century, but the Black ...
House of Lusignan 1. Guy(1192–1194) 2. Aimery(1194–1205) 3. Hugh I(1205–1218) 4. Henry I(1218–1253) (the Fat) 5. Hugh II(1253–1267) (Huguet) 6. Hugh III(1267–1284) (the Great) 7. John I(1284–1285) 8. Henry II (1285–1324) 8.1. Amalric of Tyre(1306–1310), regent 9. Hugh IV(1324–1358) 10. Peter I(1358–1369) 11. Peter II(1369–1382) (the Fat) 12. James ...
Thierry of Flanders, who married the "damsel of Cyprus", heiress of Isaac Komnenos, in the winter of 1202/1203, claimed the kingdom, but Aimery refused to surrender it.Eugene Matteo de Armenia (1480's–1523), said by his own progeny to have been an illegitimate son of King James II of Cyprus and if born in the 1480s he was quite a posthumous specimen, alleged to h...Charlotte (d. 1487) and Louis (d. 1482), queen and king-consort, continued as pretenders, Charlotte renounced 1482 in favour of:Carr, Annemarie (1995). Art in the Court of the Lusignan KingsCoureas, Nicholas (2016). Latin Cyprus and its Relations with the Mamluk Sultanate, 1250-1517Coureas, Nicholas (2017). The Lusignan Kingdom of Cyprus and the Sea 13th-15th CenturiesEdbury, Peter W. (1991). The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374. Cambridge University.Cyprus ( / ˈsaɪprəs / ⓘ ), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, north of the Sinai Peninsula, south of the Anatolian Peninsula, and west of the Levant. It is geographically a part of West Asia, but its cultural ties and geopolitics are overwhelmingly Southeast European.
Cyprus is the third-largest and third-most populous island in the Mediterranean. It is east of Greece, north of Egypt, south of Turkey, and west of Lebanon and Syria. Its capital and largest city is Nicosia.
Cyprus sits on the map at 35 degrees north latitude and 33 degrees east longitude. It is in Asia Minor, the Anatolian peninsula. Syria is about 300 kilometers (186 mi) away and is its closest neighbor.
