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August Kekule von Stradonitz (born Sept. 7, 1829, Darmstadt, Hesse—died July 13, 1896, Bonn, Ger.) was a German chemist who established the foundation for the structural theory in organic chemistry. Kekule was born into an upper-middle-class family of civil servants and as a schoolboy demonstrated an aptitude for art and languages, as well as ...
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- Career
- Major Contributions
- The Structure of Benzene
- Kekule's Day-Dreams
- Honors
- His Name
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In 1856, Kekulé became Privatdozent at the University of Heidelberg. In 1857, he published a paper in which he describes his theory of tetravalency for carbon, meaning the four linking points to which other atoms can attach themselves to a carbon atom to form the molecule of a new substance. Another scientist, Archibald Scott Couper, published simi...
Basing his ideas on those of his predecessors, such as Williamson, Edward Frankland, William Odling, Charles Adolphe Wurtz, and others, Kekulé was the principal formulator of the theory of chemical structure (1857-58). This theory proceeds from the idea of atomic valence, especially the tetravalence of carbon (which Kekulé announced late in 1857) a...
Kekulé's most famous work was on the structure of benzene. In 1865, Kekulé published a paper in French (for he was then still in Francophone Belgium) suggesting that the structure contained a six-membered ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds. The next year, he published a much longer paper in German on the same subject.The ...
The new understanding of benzene, and hence of all aromatic compounds, proved to be so important for both pure and applied chemistry that in 1890, the German Chemical Society organized an elaborate appreciation in Kekulé's honor, celebrating the twenty-fifth anniversary of his first benzene paper. Here Kekulé spoke of the creation of the theory. He...
In 1895, Kekulé was ennobled by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany, giving him the right to add "von Stradonitz" to his name, referring to an ancient possession of his family in Stradonice, Bohemia. Of the first five Nobel Prizesin Chemistry, his students won three.
Kekulé never used his first given name; he was known throughout his life as August Kekulé. After he was ennobled by the Kaiser in 1895, he adopted the name August Kekule von Stradonitz, without the French accent aigue over the second "e." The French accent had apparently been added to the name by Kekulé's father during the Napoleonic occupation of ...
Asimov, Isaac. 1982. Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 2nd ed. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0385177712Ferguson, Pamela. 2002. World Book's Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists, 8th ed. Chicago: World Book. ISBN 0-7166-7600-1Gillispie, Charles Coulston. 1975. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-6841-0121-1Von Meyer, Ernst. 1906. A History of Chemistry, tr. George McGowan. New York: The Macmillan Company.Friedrich August Kekulé was a renowned German organic chemist who was the principal founder of the theory of chemical structure in organic chemistry. Early Life Friedrich August Kekulé was a German scientist who was born on September 7, 1829 in Darmstadt, Germany. The son of a civil servant, he initially attended the local gymnasium performing.
Jun 8, 2018 · Kekule von Stradonitz, (Friedrich) August. ( b. Darmstandt, Germany, 7 September 1829; d. Bonn, Germany, 13 July 1896) chemistry. Kekulé was descended from the Czech line of an old Bohemian noble family, Kekule ze Stradonič Stradonice being a village northeast of Prague. The family can be traced to the end of the fourteenth century; a branch ...
Aug 31, 2022 · Although the paper published by Kekulé in 1865 is generally accepted as the seminal document regarding the elucidation of the structure of benzene, it was not for another seven years that Kekulé introduced a “collision theory” which, in his view, made the 1,3,5-cyclohexatriene formulation at last acceptable. 2022 is therefore an appropriate year to celebrate the 150 th anniversary of his ...
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1829-1896. Friedrich Auguste Kekulé. Kekulé's name is intimately associated with the structural theory of organic chemistry. In 1858, simultaneously with Archibald Scott Couper, he proposed the tetravalence of carbon and the linking of carbon atoms in chains to rationalize the structures of aliphatic compounds. These ideas were extended in ...
