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      • Suharto (born June 8, 1921, Kemusu Argamulja, Java, Dutch East Indies [now Indonesia]—died Jan. 27, 2008, Jakarta, Indon.) was an army officer and political leader who was president of Indonesia from 1967 to 1998.
      www.britannica.com › biography › Suharto
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    Suharto's rise to become the billionaire autocrat of the world's fourth-most populous country would have seemed very unlikely in his childhood. Born in 1921 in a bamboo hut in the Dutch East Indies, he had 11 half-brothers and sisters. He joined the Dutch colonial army in 1940 because he tore his only set of clothes and had to quit his clerical job...

    The Dutch transferred sovereignty to Indonesia in 1949 and a liberal democratic system was set up. But this was soon crippled by political in-fighting and regional rebellions. By 1959, it had been replaced — with the army's blessing — with the "guided democracy" dictatorship of Indonesia's first president Sukarno, the charismatic "Proclaimer of Ind...

    These horrific events came to be glorified as the founding myth of the New Order, and the killers — many of whom became the new ruling elite — still enjoy complete impunity. Within six months, Suharto had toppled Sukarno. When troops surrounded his palace in March 1966, Sukarno fled to the hills outside Jakarta. Suharto sent three generals after hi...

    Suharto was welcomed enthusiastically in the west. The US, which had connived in the extermination of the PKI, poured aid and military support into the new Indonesia. For them, Indonesia showed a better way of "stopping the dominos" (based on the now-discredited theorythat a communist government in one nation seed communist takeovers in neighbourin...

    Certainly, some of this vast new wealth trickled down to the poor. Per capita GDP grewfrom US$806 ($1,119) to US$4,114 ($5,712) between 1966 and 1997, and a new middle class began to emerge. However, much of the money stayed firmly in the hands of the ruling elite, thanks to corruption. Kickbacks, vast amounts skimmed from official budgets, and mas...

    Despite his vast power, Suharto's seemingly unassailable regime collapsed with surprising speed when the Asian Financial Crisis hit in 1997. The currency fell fast from Rp 2,600, eventually reaching about Rp 20,000 to the US dollar. Indonesian borrowers could not service foreign currency loans and around 80 per cent of listed companies and banks we...

    The ghost of Suharto has proved restless. Most of the New Order elite survived his fall with their power and wealth largely intact. His children are still enormously rich business figures, and no one has ever been tried for the massacres of 1965. In fact, many major political figures today were powerful under the New Order. To name just two, former...

  2. Feb 12, 2024 · The real Suharto, dubbed theSmiling General” because he was always seen smiling despite his ruthless leadership style, died in 2008 at age 86.

  3. Jan 27, 2008 · JAKARTA, Indonesia — Former Indonesian President Suharto, a Cold War ally of the United States whose brutal military regime killed hundreds of thousands of left-wing political opponents, died...

  4. Jan 27, 2024 · Even so, the viral video of Indonesia’s former president and dictator Suharto that was created using artificial intelligence took the world’s most populous Muslim nation by storm.

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  6. Mar 21, 2023 · Upon 7HEH's release in 2017, fans became curious that Evelyn, who spends the book recounting her life as an Old Hollywood starlet, was based on a real person. As it turns out, they weren't entirely wrong.