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The Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine (German: Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein) was a grand duchy in western Germany that existed from 1806 to 1918. The grand duchy originally formed from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806 as the Grand Duchy of Hesse (German: Großherzogtum Hessen).
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Hesse-Darmstadt, former landgraviate, grand duchy, and state of Germany. It was formed in 1567 in the division of old Hesse; after Hesse-Kassel was absorbed by Prussia in 1866, Hesse-Darmstadt was usually known simply as Hesse. Hesse-Darmstadt was originally only the small territory of Upper.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Landgraviate of Hesse (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen) was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire. It existed as a single entity from 1264 to 1567, when it was divided among the sons of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse.
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The Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Darmstadt) was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, ruled by a younger branch of the House of Hesse. It was formed in 1567 following the division of the Landgraviate of Hesse among the four sons of Landgrave Philip I.
In 1806 the landgraviate was raised to the rank of grand duchy of Hessen-Darmstadt. Although the now-electorate of Hessen-Kassel had been absorbed into the kingdom of Prussia in 1866-1867, Hessen-Darmstadt continued to survive as an independent entity.
Following that act, Hesse was separated from the Thuringia of which it had been part and, after struggling against rival claimants, his territory was recognised as the independent 'Landgraviate of Hesse'. In 1500 it became the 'Duchy of Hesse'.
the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (known as the Grand Duchy of Hesse from 1806 and the People's State of Hesse from 1918) to George I; The Hessian territories were not re-united until the formation of Greater Hesse (though without Rhenish Hesse) as part of Allied-occupied Germany in 1945. See also. Rulers of Hesse; External links
