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What did the Naturalization Act of 1790 do?
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This was the first law to define eligibility for citizenship by naturalization and establish standards and procedures by which immigrants became US citizens. In this early version, Congress limited this important right to “free white persons.”
The United States Constitution grants Congress the power "to establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization" (Article I, section 8, clause 4). Soon after the Constitution was ratified Congress passed the Naturalization Act of 1790 (1 Stat. 103).
United States Congress, “An act to establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization,” March 26, 1790
Mar 19, 2013 · Alternately known as the Nationality Act, the Naturalization Act of 1790 restricted citizenship to "any alien, being a free white person" who had been in the U.S. for two years. In effect, it left out indentured servants, slaves, and most women.
Jul 11, 2023 · The demand for proof of citizenship resulted in the creation of certificates of naturalization during the “Old Law” period of United States naturalization history (March 26, 1790–September 26, 1906).
Apr 28, 2020 · The first naturalization act, passed by Congress on March 26, 1790 (1 Stat. 103), provided that any free, white, adult alien, male or female, who had resided within the limits and jurisdiction of the United States for a period of 2 years was eligible for citizenship.
Oct 15, 2023 · In 1790 Congress passed the Naturalization Act, which restricted citizenship to “any alien, being a free white person” who had been in the United States for two years. This effectively denied all enslaved and free Blacks persons the opportunity to become U.S. citizens.
