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PL/SQL is Oracle's procedural language extension to SQL. PL/SQL enables you to mix SQL statements with procedural constructs. With PL/SQL, you can define and run PL/SQL program units such as procedures, functions, and packages. PL/SQL program units generally are categorized as anonymous blocks and stored procedures.
- Blocks
- Variables and Constants
- Using SQL in PL/SQL
- Branching and Conditional Control
- Looping Statements
- Goto
- Procedures, Functions and Packages
- Records
- Object Types
- Collections
Blocks are the organizational unit for all PL/SQL code, whether it is in the form of an anonymous block, procedure, function, trigger or type. A PL/SQL block is made up of three sections (declaration, executable and exception), of which only the executable section is mandatory. Based on this definition, the simplest valid block is shown below, but ...
Variables and constants must be declared for use in procedural and SQL code, although the datatypes available in SQL are only a subset of those available in PL/SQL. All variables and constants must be declared before they are referenced. The declarations of variables and constants are similar, but constant definitions must contain the CONSTANT keyw...
The SQL language is fully integrated into PL/SQL, so much so that they are often mistaken as being a single language by newcomers. It is possible to manuallly code the retrieval of data using explicit cursors, or let Oracle do the hard work and use implicit cursors. Examples of both explicit implicit cursors are presented below, all of which rely o...
The IF-THEN-ELSE and CASE statements allow code to decide on the correct course of action for the current circumstances. In the following example the IF-THEN-ELSEstatement is used to decide if today is a weekend day. First, the expression between the IF and the THEN is evaluated. If that expression equates to TRUE the code between the THEN and the ...
Loops allow sections of code to be processed multiple times. In its most basic form a loop consists of the LOOP and END LOOPstatement, but this form is of little use as the loop will run forever. Typically you would expect to define an end condition for the loop using the EXIT WHENstatement along with a Boolean expression. When the expression equat...
The GOTO statement allows a program to branch unconditionally to a predefined label. The following example uses the GOTOstatement to repeat the functionality of the examples in the previous section. In this example the GOTO has been made conditional by surrounding it with an IF statement. When the GOTOis called the program execution immediately jum...
Procedures and functions allow code to be named and stored in the database, making code reuse simpler and more efficient. Procedures and functions still retain the block format, but the DECLARE keyword is replaced by PROCEDURE or FUNCTION definitions, which are similar except for the additional return type definition for a function. The following p...
Record types are composite data structures, or groups of data elements, each with its own definition. Records can be used to mimic the row structures of tables and cursors, or as a convenient was to pass data between subprograms without listing large number of parameters. When a record type must match a particular table or cursor structure it can b...
Oracle implements Objects through the use of TYPE declarations, defined in a similar way to packages. Unlike packages where the instance of the package is limited to the current session, an instance of an object type can be stored in the database for later use. The definition of the type contains a comma separated list of attributes/properties, def...
Oracle uses collections in PL/SQL the same way other languages use arrays. You can read more about the types of collections available here.
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What is PL/SQL & Java?
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PL/SQL stands for “Procedural Language extensions to the Structured Query Language”. SQL is a popular language for both querying and updating data in relational database management systems (RDBMS). PL/SQL adds many procedural constructs to SQL language to overcome some limitations of SQL.
What is PL/SQL. PL/SQL is a block structured language. The programs of PL/SQL are logical blocks that can contain any number of nested sub-blocks. Pl/SQL stands for "Procedural Language extension of SQL" that is used in Oracle. PL/SQL is integrated with Oracle database (since version 7).
Apr 25, 2024 · PL/SQL, in simple terms, is a programming language used for managing data in databases. It combines SQL for data manipulation and procedural features for building applications. It’s like a toolkit that lets you efficiently interact with and control your Oracle database. Prerequisites for this PL/SQL Tutorial.
Sep 3, 2013 · Calling Java from PL/SQL. Asked 10 years, 9 months ago. Modified 6 years, 3 months ago. Viewed 41k times. 11. Can any one please help me on this: I want to call one java program from the Pl/SQL, Oracle RDBMS, the below are the settings. Windows 7 machine, Java is installed on C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_02.
