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- Politically, Kant was one of the earliest exponents of the idea that perpetual peace could be secured through universal democracy and international cooperation. He believed that this will be the eventual outcome of universal history, although it is not rationally planned.
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It follows that a war of extermination, in which the destruction of both parties and of all justice can result, would permit perpetual peace only in the vast burial ground of the human race. Therefore, such a war and the use of all means leading to it must be absolutely forbidden.
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Kant I (1971) Kant’s political writings, ed. Reiss H, (trans: Nisbet HB). Cambridge University Press, CambridgeGoogle ScholarKant I (1983) Perpetual peace and other essays (trans: Humphrey T). Hackett Pub, Indianapolis/CambridgeGoogle ScholarKant I (1999) Metaphysical elements of justice, 2nd edn. (trans: Ladd J). Hackett Pub, Indianapolis/CambridgeGoogle ScholarFriedrich CJ (1948) Inevitable peace. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MAGoogle ScholarGallie WB (1979) Philosophers of peace and war. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeGoogle ScholarKant I (2006) Toward perpetual peace and other writings on politics, peace, and history, with essays by: Waldron J, Doyle MW, Wood AW, ed. Kleingeld P, (trans: Colclasure DL). Yale University Press...Tesón FR (1998) A philosophy of international law. Westview Press, BoulderGoogle ScholarBourke J (1942) Kant’s doctrine of ‘perpetual peace’. Philosophy 17(68):324–333CrossRef Google ScholarDavis KR (1991) Kantian ‘publicity’ and political justice. Hist Philos Q 8(4):409–421Google ScholarHocking WE (1924) Immanuel Kant and the foreign policies of nations. Advoc Peace Justice 86(7):414–424Google ScholarHurrell A (1990) Kant and the Kantian paradigm in international relations. Rev Int Stud 16(3):183–205CrossRef Google ScholarJan 14, 2016 · Kant’s Idea of a Perpetual Peace. With regard to the problems of international law, Kant is of course a hundred and fifty years ahead of Hobbes. But he starts from the same point: his theory of the beginning of society is practically identical with that of the older philosopher.
...The question then arises, as to what is the essential meaning and aim of this design of a Perpetual Peace. It may be put thus: ‘What does Nature do in this respect with reference to the end which man’s own reason presents to him as a duty; and, consequently, what does she do for the furtherance of his moral purpose in life?
Dec 2, 2018 · The work of Immanuel Kant has been foundational in modern democratic peace theory. His essay Toward Perpetual Peace gives three prescriptions for attaining peace between democracies: republican ins...
- Sid Simpson
- 2019
20 For the sake of the argument, I deliberately pay no attention to Kant's distinction between determining and reflective judgement. I am, of course, aware that Kant's statements on nature in Perpetual Peace are based on teleological judgement only and do not point at some inevitable course of human history.
Immanuel Kant: Perpetual Peace: Appendix I. APPENDIX I. ON THE OPPOSITION BETWEEN MORALITY AND POLITICS WITH RESPECT TO PERPETUAL PEACE. Taken objectively, morality is in itself practical, being the totality of unconditionally mandatory laws according to which we ought to act.
