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1. • • The unitary state income tax is a means by which certain states regulate the collection of income in the form of taxes from companies that do interstate commerce or file consolidated tax returns.
     bizfluent.com › info-8436477-unitary-state-income-tax

     What Is Unitary State Income Tax? | Bizfluent

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   What is unitary state income tax?

   • The unitary state income tax is a means by which certain states regulate the collection of income in the form of taxes from companies that do interstate commerce or file consolidated tax returns. While the regulation and requirements vary greatly among states, some generalities may be used to explain the concept.

   What Is Unitary State Income Tax? | Bizfluent

   bizfluent.com/info-8436477-unitary-state-income-tax.html

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   What is a unitary business?

   • While states initially applied the unitary concept to determine the share of income earned in the state by a single company, the principle was extended in later years to determine the share of income earned in the state by a multiple-entity unitary business.

   Decoding Combination: What Is a Unitary Business

   www.natlawreview.com/article/decoding-combination-what-unitary-business

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   What is a unitary business income in Illinois?

   • All income is business income unless it is clearly attributable to one state and is earned or received through activities totally unrelated to any business the group is conducting in more than one state. The amount of unitary business income, however, must be computed starting with combined Illinois base income or its equivalent.

   2022 Schedule UB Instructions - Illinois Department of Revenue

   tax.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/tax/forms/incometax/documents/currentyear/business/miscellaneous/schedule-ub-instr.pdf

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   What is a unitary business group's business income?

   • A unitary business group’s business income includes all income that may be apportioned by formula among the states in which the group is doing business without violating the Constitution of the United States.

   2022 Schedule UB Instructions - Illinois Department of Revenue

   tax.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/tax/forms/incometax/documents/currentyear/business/miscellaneous/schedule-ub-instr.pdf

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3. bizfluent.com › info-8436477-unitary-state-incomeWhat Is Unitary State Income Tax? | Bizfluent

   bizfluent.com › info-8436477-unitary-state-income

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   Sep 26, 2017 · The unitary state income tax is a means by which certain states regulate the collection of income in the form of taxes from companies that do interstate commerce or file consolidated tax returns. While the regulation and requirements vary greatly among states, some generalities may be used to explain the concept.

4. www.marcumllp.com › insights › state-corporateState Corporate Income Taxation: Trends in Combined Reporting

   www.marcumllp.com › insights › state-corporate

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   • Unitary Group Opportunities
   • Functional Integration
   • Centralization of Management
   • Economies of Scale
   • Jurisdictional Inconsistency
   • Sources

   While combined reporting often limits potential opportunities for impacted businesses through the imposition of mandatory rules under separate reporting regimes, several opportunities may be available, including defining the unitary group subject to combination, as well as apportionment planning in the proper calculation of the sales factor. In mos...

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   The functional integration test looks to shared functions and refers to transfers between, or pooling among, business entities that significantly affect the operation of the business activities.5Generally, functional integration includes, but is not limited to, transfers or pooling with respect to the business’s products or services, technical info...

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   The centralized management test focuses on not the ability to control but the actual amount of common control exercised between business segments. Centralization of management exists when directors, officers, and/or other management employees jointly participate in the management decisions that affect the respective business activities and that may...

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   The economies of scale test focuses on whether there is any income earned as a result of shared functions, activities, or operations. Economies of scale refer to a relation among and between business activities resulting in a significant decrease in the average per-unit cost of operational or administrative functions due to the increase in operatio...

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   Currently, approximately 30 jurisdictions mandate unitary combined reporting for general corporations that are commonly owned or controlled. However, notwithstanding the constitutional tests discussed above, these states adopt varying statutory definitions of “unitary” for purposes of combined reporting. Even in cases where the definitions in diffe...

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   Butler Brothers v. McColgan, 315 U.S. 501 (1942); See also 17 Cal. 2d 664.

   Edison California Stores v. McColgan, 183 P.2d 16 (1947).

   Mobil Oil Corp. v. Commissioner of Taxes of Vermont, 445 U.S. 425 (1980).

   Ibid.

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5. www.natlawreview.com › article › decodingDecoding Combination: What Is a Unitary Business

   www.natlawreview.com › article › decoding

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   Apr 14, 2015 · The unitary business principle finds its roots in 19th-century property taxation, when the U.S. Supreme Court first observed that an integrated business should be taxed as one unit instead of...

6. www.lorman.com › resources › spotlight-on-salt-theSpotlight on SALT: The Global Reach of State Unitary Tax ...

   www.lorman.com › resources › spotlight-on-salt-the

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   Apr 8, 2010 · Unitary combined reporting, income apportionment, and State tax jurisdiction can present surprising consequences for foreign corporations. As illustrated by Wisconsin, State unitary tax regimes can also produce constitutionally suspect results.

7. www.cost.org › state-tax-resources › salt-glossaryCOST - SALT Glossary of Terms - Council on State Taxation

   www.cost.org › state-tax-resources › salt-glossary

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   Combined reporting is a state income tax filing/apportionment methodology whereby a taxpayer’s state tax liability is determined by including the income and factors of the entire unitary business. Includible affiliated entities may be limited to domestic (US) affiliates (known as water’s-edge filing) or may include all affiliates, foreign ...

8. www.thetaxadviser.com › issues › 2010Income Apportionment and Allocation after Mead - The Tax Adviser

   www.thetaxadviser.com › issues › 2010

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   Citing the Supreme Court’s decision in Mead, the court ruled that the principle allows a state to tax an apportioned sum of the corporation’s multistate business if the business is unitary. To exclude such income from the apportionment formula, a taxpayer must prove that the income was earned in the course of activities unrelated to those ...

9. www.mtc.gov › Uniformity › Adopted-UniformityAdopted Uniformity Recommendations - MTC

   www.mtc.gov › Uniformity › Adopted-Uniformity

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   Provides general rules for implementing the Uniform Division of Income for Tax Purposes Act (UDITPA), as the MTC has recommended revising that model act. See information on the recommended version of UDITPA. It also contains detailed principles for determining the existence of a “unitary business.”