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The various independent petty Breton states later developed into a Kingdom and then a Duchy of Brittany, before it was unified with France to become a province. After the French Revolution Brittany was abolished as an administrative unit, but continued to retain its distinctive cultural identity.
- Artefacts date back to the prehistoric era. Settlements in Brittany date back to prehistory, from 700,000 years BC. It is the site of some of the world’s oldest standing structures such as the the Neolithic Barnenez, the megalithic Carnac stones, and Tumulus Saint-Michel date back to the 5th century BC.
- It was inhabited by Gallic and Celtic tribes. The first written record dealing with Brittany comes from around 500 BC. At the time, the Gauls followed pagan traditions and were closely related to the Celts of the British Isles.
- The area was conquered by Julius Caesar and the Romans. Brittany was conquered by Julius Caesar in 56 BCE, on his way to the British Isles. The region became part of the Roman Empire as “Armorica” which was a Romanized version of the Celtic word for “seaside.”
- Celtic Britons from Wales and Cornwall took refuge here. The Celtic traditions in Brittany strengthened after the fall of Rome. This is because in the 5th and 6th centuries, the Britons of what is now Wales and Cornwall in Great Britain began to emigrate to Armorica (aka Brittany).
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What is the history of the Kingdom of Brittany?
The Kingdom of Brittany ( Breton: Rouantelezh Breizh) was a short-lived vassal-state of the Frankish Empire that emerged during the Norse invasions. Its history begins in 851 with Erispoe 's claim to kingship. In 856, Erispoe was murdered and succeeded by his cousin Salomon .
The Duchy of Brittany was a medieval feudal state that existed between approximately 939 and 1547. Its territory covered the northwestern peninsula of Europe, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the English Channel to the north. It was also less definitively bordered by the river Loire to the south, and Normandy, and other French provinces, to the east. The Duchy was established ...
May 23, 2018 · It became a focus of the early stages of the Hundred Years' War between England and France. John of Montfort won control of Brittany in 1364 with the help of the king of England. Montfort's son, Duke John IV, founded a dynasty that ruled Brittany as an independent duchy* until 1491.
The union of the Duchy of Brittany with the Crown of France was the culmination of a political process begun at the end of the 15th century in the wake of the Mad War. It resulted in the Edict of Union of 13 August 1532 and the incorporation of the duchy into the Crown lands of France, a critical step in the formation of modern-day France.
Anne of Brittany marries Charles VIII of France. The French–Breton War (Breton: Brezel etre Breizh ha Bro-C'hall, "War between Brittany and France"; French: Guerre de Bretagne, "War of Brittany") lasted from 1487 to 1491. The cause of this war was the approaching death of the Breton Duke Francis II of Brittany (died 9 September 1488), who had ...
