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- After the creation of the county in 1606, the separate line of Nassau-Dietz was formed through inheritance. This line included not just the counts, but also served as Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen, and Drenthe through the senior House of Orange-Nassau.
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When William Hyacinth, the last ruler of the Catholic line, died in 1743, Nassau-Siegen had died out in the male line, and the territory fell to Prince William IV of the Orange-Nassau-Dietz line, who thereby reunited all the lands of the Ottonian line of the House of Nassau.
Mar 25, 2020 · As stadtholder, Ernest Casimir had resided in the Nassau palace in Leeuwarden, together with his wife Sophie Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1592–1642), and their sons Henry Casimir (1612–1640) and William Frederick (1613–1664), as well as their princely household. 3 In historiography, their court as well as the other courts of the seventeenth...
- Lidewij Nissen
- 2020
After the creation of the county in 1606, the separate line of Nassau-Dietz was formed through inheritance. This line included not just the counts, but also served as Stadtholder of Friesland , Groningen , and Drenthe through the senior House of Orange-Nassau .
A daughter of Stadtholder Frederik Hendrik van Oranje-Nassau and his wife Amalia von Solms-Braunfels, Albertine Agnes van Oranje-Nassau was the first member of the Oranje-Nassau dynasty to marry into the family of Nassau-Dietz.
- Background
- Succession to William III
- Heinsius and The War of The Spanish Succession
- The Peace of Utrecht and The Second Great Assembly
- The Van Hoornbeek and Van Slingelandt Terms in Office
- Decline of The Republic
- Crisis and The Orangist Revolution of 1747
- Aftermath
- Sources
Historiographical note
The terms First Stadtholderless Period and Second Stadtholderless Period became established as terms of art in Dutch historiography during the 19th century, the heyday of nationalistic history writing, when Dutch historians wistfully looked back on the glory days of the Dutch Revolt and the Dutch Golden Age and were looking for scapegoats for "what went wrong" in later years. Partisans of the new royal house of Orange-Nassau, like Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer, who were indeed continuing the...
The stadtholderate of William III
The popular revolt in reaction to the French invasion of 1672, during the Franco-Dutch war, had overturned the States-Party regime of Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt (ending the First Stadtholderless Period) and swept William III of Orange into power. He was appointed stadtholder in Holland and Zeeland in July 1672 and received powers that went far beyond those of his predecessors. His position was made impregnable when the States-General of the Netherlands authorized him in September 1672 to...
When he died, William was King of England, Scotland and Ireland. The Bill of Rights 1689 and the Act of Settlement 1701 firmly placed the succession in these kingdoms in the hands of his sister-in-law and cousin Anne. The succession to his other titles and offices was not that clear, however. As he was childless, William had to make provisions in h...
Anthonie Heinsius had been Grand Pensionary since 1689, almost as long as William III had been king of England. As William was busy managing his new subjects (he realized that conquering England was much easier than keeping it conquered; the word "conquest" was therefore taboo, and has remained so ever since) the equally difficult task of managing ...
Louis eventually tired of his fruitless attempts to pry the Dutch loose from the Grand Alliance, and turned his attentions to Great Britain. It had not escaped his attention that great political changes had taken place there. Though Queen Anne was less partial than William III to the Whigs, she had soon discovered that she could as yet not govern w...
Apparently, Van Slingelandt's efforts at reform not only failed, but he had made so many enemies trying to implement them, that his career was interrupted. When Heinsius died in August, 1720 Van Slingelandt was pointedly passed over for the office of Grand Pensionary and it was given to Isaac van Hoornbeek. Van Hoornbeek had been pensionary of the ...
The political history of the Republic after the Peace of Utrecht, but before the upheavals of the 1740s, is characterized by a certain blandness (not only in the Republic, to be sure; the contemporary long-lasting Ministry of Robert Walpole in Great Britain equally elicits little passion). In Dutch historiography the sobriquet Pruikentijd (periwige...
Anthonie van der Heim succeeded Simon van Slingelandt as Grand Pensionary in 1736 after a protracted power struggle, promising in writing to oppose the resurrection of the stadtholderate. During his tenure, the Republic slowly drifted into the War of the Austrian Succession. Initially, the Republic tried to remain neutral. However, its garrisons in...
The fact that giving dictatorial powers to a "strong man" is often bad politics, and usually leads to severe disappointment, was once again demonstrated in the aftermath of William IV's short stadtholderate. He was immediately succeeded as hereditary "Stadtholder-General" in all provinces by William V, Prince of Orange, all of three years at the ti...
(in Dutch) Fruin, R. (1901) Geschiedenis der staatsinstellingen in Nederland tot den val der Republiek, M. NijhoffIsrael, J.I. (1995), The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness and Fall, 1477–1806, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-873072-1 hardback, ISBN 0-19-820734-4paperbackWhen in 1620 Ernst Casimir succeeded his brother Willem Lodewijk as stadtholder of Friesland (including the provinces of Drenthe and Groningen), Sophia and her husband settled with their family at the Nassauhof in Leeuwarden.
The publication in EMLO of the correspondences of the wives of six seventeenth-century stadtholders offers an unprecedented opportunity to analyse female power and influence in the political circles of the Dutch Republic at the Orange and Stuart courts in The Hague and their counterpart at the Frisian court in Leeuwarden.
