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Lassa fever is a severe viral illness that comes on quickly once someone is infected. It is spread by the "multimammate rat" or Mastomys natalensis ( Mastomys ), which is found throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, only West African multimammate rats are known to carry Lassa virus.
- Background
- Symptoms of Lassa Fever
- Transmission
- Diagnosis
- Treatment and Prophylaxis
- Prevention and Control
- Who Response
Though first described in the 1950s, the virus causing Lassa disease was not identified until 1969. The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the virus family Arenaviridae. About 80% of people who become infected with Lassa virus have no symptoms. 1 in 5 infections result in severe disease, where the virus affects several organs such as...
The incubation period of Lassa fever ranges from 6–21 days. The onset of the disease, when it is symptomatic, is usually gradual, starting with fever, general weakness, and malaise. After a few days, headache, sore throat, muscle pain, chest pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, cough, and abdominal pain may follow. In severe cases facial swelling, fl...
Humans usually become infected with Lassa virus from exposure to urine or faeces of infected Mastomysrats. Lassa virus may also be spread between humans through direct contact with the blood, urine, faeces, or other bodily secretions of a person infected with Lassa fever. There is no epidemiological evidence supporting airborne spread between human...
Because the symptoms of Lassa fever are so varied and non-specific, clinical diagnosis is often difficult, especially early in the course of the disease. Lassa fever is difficult to distinguish from other viral haemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola virus disease as well as other diseases that cause fever, including malaria, shigellosis, typhoid fever a...
The antiviral drug ribavirin seems to be an effective treatment for Lassa fever if given early on in the course of clinical illness. There is no evidence to support the role of ribavirin as post-exposure prophylactic treatment for Lassa fever. There is currently no vaccine that protects against Lassa fever.
Prevention of Lassa fever relies on promoting good “community hygiene” to discourage rodents from entering homes. Effective measures include storing grain and other foodstuffs in rodent-proof containers, disposing of garbage far from the home, maintaining clean households and keeping cats. Because Mastomysare so abundant in endemic areas, it is not...
The Ministries of Health of Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, WHO, the Office of United States Foreign Disaster Assistance, the United Nations, and other partners have worked together to establish the Mano River Union Lassa Fever Network. The programme supports these 3 countries in developing national prevention strategies and enhancing laboratory ...
Jun 20, 2023 · Most people who have Lassa fever have mild symptoms like fever, headaches and fatigue. But about 20% of people who get it are seriously ill. Pregnant people are at especially high risk for miscarriage and other serious complications. Lassa fever spreads through the poop and pee of infected rats.
Sep 12, 2022 · Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever that spills over from its rodent reservoir. Continued viral evolution and increasing exposure make Lassa virus a high-risk pathogen.
Lassa fever, also known as Lassa hemorrhagic fever, is a type of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the Lassa virus. [1] . Many of those infected by the virus do not develop symptoms. [1] . When symptoms occur they typically include fever, weakness, headaches, vomiting, and muscle pains. [1] .
Dec 27, 2019 · Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness caused by Lassa virus, a member of the arenavirus family of viruses. It is transmitted to humans from contacts with food or household items contaminated with rodent excreta. The disease is endemic in the rodent population in parts of West Africa. Lassa fever is known to be endemic in Benin, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Sierra Leone, and ...
Prognosis |. Prevention |. Key Points. Lassa fever is an often fatal arenavirus infection. Lassa virus is a single-stranded RNA virus in the Arenaviridae family. Lassa fever outbreaks have occurred in Nigeria, Liberia, Guinea, Togo, Benin, Ghana, and Sierra Leone.
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