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- Aprilis or mensis Aprilis (April) was the second month of the ancient Roman calendar, following Martius (March) and preceding Maius (May).
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The Republican calendar was derived from a line of older calendar systems whose exact design is largely unknown. It is believed that the original Roman calendar was a lunar calendar that followed the phases of the Moon. This basic structure was preserved through the centuries, which is the reason why we use months today.
The Roman calendar was the calendar used by the Roman Kingdom and Roman Republic. Although the term is primarily used for Rome's pre-Julian calendars, it is often used inclusively of the Julian calendar established by the reforms of the Dictator Julius Caesar and Emperor Augustus in the late 1st century BC. [a]
Jan 27, 2019 · The Roman calendar was originally based on the first three phases of the moon, with days counted, not according to a concept of a week, but backward from lunar phases. The new moon was the day of the Kalends, the moon's first quarter was the day of the Nones, and the Ides fell on the day of the full moon. The Kalends' section of the month was ...
Oct 8, 2023 · Aprilis (April): Its name’s origin is uncertain, possibly from the Latin word “aperire,” meaning “to open,” signifying the opening of buds and flowers in spring. Maius (May): Named after Maia, a Roman earth goddess associated with growth and fertility. Junius (June): Named after Juno, the Roman goddess of marriage and the well-being of women.
April had 29 days on calendars of the Roman Republic, with a day added to the month during the reform in the mid-40s BC that produced the Julian calendar. April was marked by a series of festivals devoted to aspects of rural life, since it was a busy month for farmers.
Modern DateRoman DateStatusApril 1Kalendae AprilisF2a.d. IV Non. Apr. [16]F3III Non. Apr. [17]C4pridie Nonas Aprilis (abbrev. prid. Non.CThe 10 months, beginning in modern March, were named Martius, Aprilis, Maius, Junius, Quintilis, Sextilis, September, October, November, and December. The last six of these months were derivatives from the Latin words for five, six, seven, eight, nine, and ten, respectively.
The Roman republican calendar still contained only 355 days, with February having 28 days; March, May, July, and October 31 days each; January, April, June, August, September, November, and December 29 days. It was basically a lunar calendar and short by 10 1/4 days of a 365 1/4 -day tropical year.
