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- Cree, one of the major Algonquian-speaking First Nations peoples, whose domain included an immense area from east of Hudson and James bays to as far west as Alberta and Great Slave Lake in what is now Canada.
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May 12, 2024 · Cree, one of the major Algonquian-speaking First Nations peoples, whose domain included an immense area from east of Hudson and James bays to as far west as Alberta and Great Slave Lake in what is now Canada. Learn more about the history and customs of the Cree.
- Origin of The Term “Cree”
- Population and Territory
- Traditional Life
- Society
- Culture
- Religion and Spirituality
- Language
- Colonial History
- Contemporary Life
The name Cree originated with a group of Indigenous peoples near James Bay whose name was recorded by the French as Kiristinon and later contracted to Cri, spelled Cree in English. Most Cree use this name only when speaking or writing in English and have other, more localized names.
In the 2021 census, 223,745 people identified as having Cree ancestry. Cree live in areas from Alberta to Quebec in the Subarctic and Plains regions, a geographic distribution larger than that of any other Indigenous group in Canada. Moving from west to east, the main divisions of Cree, based on environment, language and dialect are Plains Cree (pa...
For thousands of years, the ancestors of the Cree were thinly spread over much of the woodland area that they still occupy. Known as the Ndooheenou (“nation of hunters”), the Cree followed seasonal animal migrations to obtain meat for food and animal hides and bones for the making of tools and clothing. They travelled by canoe in summer, and by sno...
Cree lived in small bands or hunting groups for most of the year, and gathered into larger groups in the summer for socializing, exchanges and ceremonies. They historically had cultural, trade and social relations with other Algonquian-speaking nations, most directly with the Innu (Montagnais-Naskapi), Algonquinand Ojibwa. Although the Cree strived...
The Cree participated in a variety of cultural ceremonies and rituals, including the Sun Dance (also known as the Thirst Dance, and particularly celebrated by the Plains Cree), powwows, vision quests, feasts, pipe ceremonies, sweat lodges and more. Many of such rituals were banned by the Indian Actuntil 1951; however, the traditions survive to this...
The Cree worldview describes the interconnectivity between people and nature; health and happiness was achieved by living a life in balance with nature. Religious life was based on relations with animal and other spirits which often revealed themselves in dreams. People tried to show respect for each other by an ideal ethic of non-interference, in ...
The Cree languagebelongs to the Algonquian language family, and is in itself a continuum or family of dialects. Depending on the region, some Cree peoples speak a slightly different version of the language than Cree peoples in another area. The closer the speakers’ communities are, the more likely they are to understand one another. For example, t...
Jesuit missionaries first mentioned contact with Cree groups in the area west of James Bay around 1640. Fur trading posts established after 1670 began a period of economically motivated migration, as bands attempted to make the most of the growing fur trade. For many years, European traders depended on Indigenous people for fresh meat. Gradually, a...
Government-backed corporate exploitation of natural resources in the 20th and 21st centuries has brought radical changes in many Cree communities. In the 1970s in Quebec, the James Bay Cree successfully negotiated theJames Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. The agreement was a response to the James Bay hydroelectric project, which had been undertak...
The Cree (Cree: néhinaw, néhiyaw, nihithaw, etc.; French: Cri) are a North American Indigenous people. They live primarily in Canada, where they form one of the country's largest First Nations. In Canada, more than 350,000 people are Cree or have Cree ancestry.
Cree Tribe of North America. Cree Indian Man by G.e. Fleming, 1903. One of the largest native groups in North America, the name “Cree” comes from “Kristineaux,” or “Kri” for short, a name given to them by French fur traders. The Cree are indigenous people originally living in Manitoba, Canada. However, one branch later moved ...
May 29, 2018 · CREE. CREE. The Crees are a tribe with a long history in the United States and Canada. Their current territory ranges from the eastern shores of James Bay, down through northern Ontario, across the Prairie Provinces of Canada to the Rocky Mountains, north to the Northwest Territories, and south to the states of Montana and the Dakotas.
Aug 9, 2023 · The Cree tribe is one of North America’s most distinguished native people, native to Canada and closely related to the Ojibwa. Their near-monopoly of the fur trade and land territory forged them into a cultural and economically influential tribe that completely influenced the European settlers who related with them.
The Cree occupy a large area of Saskatchewan, from the northern woodlands areas to the southern plains. While being one people, there is a great variation amongst the different regional groups. One of the main differences is in terms of dialect, of which there are three main ones: “th” Woodlands, “y” Plains, and “n” Swampy Cree.
