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Gunpowder, also commonly known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive. It consists of a mixture of sulfur, charcoal (which is mostly carbon ), and potassium nitrate (saltpeter). The sulfur and charcoal act as fuels while the saltpeter is an oxidizer.
Jun 28, 2024 · Learn about the origin, chemistry, and applications of gunpowder, the first explosive used in firearms and mining. Explore the evolution of black powder, nitrocellulose, and pyrodex, and their effects on warfare and industry.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Gunpowder is the first explosive to have been developed. Popularly listed as one of the "Four Great Inventions" of China, it was invented during the late Tang dynasty (9th century) while the earliest recorded chemical formula for gunpowder dates to the Song dynasty (11th century).
Jun 6, 2019 · Learn about the origin, composition, and uses of gunpowder or black powder, a chemical mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and saltpeter. Find out how gunpowder works as a propellant and an explosive, and how it differs from modern substitutes.
- Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.
Nov 1, 2023 · Learn how gunpowder was invented in China in the 10th century and how it spread to the rest of the world. Discover its uses, ingredients, and chemical reaction.
Dec 13, 2023 · Learn how gunpowder, a serendipitous discovery by Chinese alchemists seeking immortality, revolutionized warfare and society. Explore the origins, composition, and impact of this explosive invention and its global spread.
Feb 20, 2019 · Learn how Chinese alchemists invented gunpowder and used it for fireworks, medicine and warfare. Discover the origins of gunpowder and its global impact on human culture.
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