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The Pirates of Penzance; or, The Slave of Duty is a comic opera in two acts, with music by Arthur Sullivan and libretto by W. S. Gilbert. Its official premiere was at the Fifth Avenue Theatre in New York City on 31 December 1879, where it was well received by both audiences and critics. [1]
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- Overview
- Background and context
- Main cast and vocal parts
- Setting and plot summary
- Act I
- Act II
The Pirates of Penzance, operetta in two acts with music by Arthur Sullivan and an English libretto by W.S. Gilbert. To secure an American copyright—so as to avoid pirated American productions, the like of those that had followed English production of H.M.S. Pinafore—the work premiered with a single performance in Paignton, England, on December 30,...
The Pirates of Penzance was written in haste but nonetheless was carefully crafted. The well-known, witty “Major-General’s Song,” with its rapid-fire delivery of preposterous rhymes, is but one example of its overall polish. The operetta’s characters too are thoughtfully drawn. Sullivan writes leading lady Mabel as a very light coloratura soprano, a characteristic that helps her stand out from the many other women in the cast. He also uses some Bach-style techniques with utterly different melodies sung and played simultaneously; though they sometimes have different metres (for example, three beats set against four), he manages to make everything fit.
Sullivan also spoofs operatic conventions, particularly one employed by many serious operas of the time that called for characters to sing onstage at the same time yet remain oblivious to each other’s presence. The trick is especially humorous in Act II, when the pirate-hunting policemen fail to notice those pirates who have just stalked onstage singing “With Cat-Like Tread,” for which Sullivan specified a fortissimo dynamic. Another opera insiders’ joke occurs in Mabel’s entrance aria, in which she and a solo flute engage in a highly ornamented duet that would have brought to many opera lovers’ minds the similar interchange in the mad scene of Gaetano Donizetti’s Lucia di Lammermoor.
•Mabel (soprano)
•Pirate King (baritone)
•Ruth, Frederic’s nurse and pirate maid of all work (contralto)
•Police Sergeant (bass)
•Frederic, pirate apprentice (tenor)
•Major-General Stanley (baritone)
The Pirates of Penzance is set during the reign of Queen Victoria. Act I of the operetta occurs on a rocky seashore on the coast of Cornwall, England. Act II is set in a ruined chapel by moonlight.
Now celebrating his 21st birthday, Frederic was in his youth indentured to a band of pirates. (His nurse, Ruth, who through his apprenticeship stayed with him as the pirates’ maid, had misheard the instruction that he was to be apprenticed to a pilot.) Having come of age, Frederic announces that he loathes piracy and, since his term of indenture is complete, he will be leaving. He hopes to find a suitable wife for himself, being skeptical of Ruth’s assertions that she herself is young and pretty enough for that role.
Almost as soon as Frederic goes ashore, he happens upon a group of young women, wards in chancery to Major-General Stanley. At first, the girls are cautious of Frederic, but one—Mabel—receives him more kindly, and romance is born.
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The Major-General, having admitted to the girls that, in fact, he is no orphan, is pleased to hear from Frederic that the young man wants to join a band of policemen against the pirates. Before Frederic can do so, however, Ruth and the Pirate King come to inform him of a new discovery. Frederic, it seems, was born on Leap Day (February 29), a day that occurs every four years, and so, though he has lived 21 years, he has had far fewer birthdays. His indenture papers commit him to remain a pirate until his “21st birthday,” not his “21st year.” This will not occur for more than half a century. Frederic—a “slave of duty,” as the operetta’s subtitle has it—acknowledges his duty and returns to the pirates, first extracting Mabel’s promise to wait for him until he officially comes of age.
The policemen hide as the pirates approach. Having learned that Major-General Stanley diverted them with a lie, the pirates assault his house and pounce upon the Major-General and his daughters. A melee ensues, brought to a close only when the Police Sergeant demands that the pirates yield “in Queen Victoria’s name.” Declaring themselves to be loyal to their queen, the pirates give in and are nearly led away to prison. Ruth, however, saves them by declaring that all are “noblemen gone wrong,” a class of people whom the English admire. The Major-General gives the girls in marriage to the various pirates, though Mabel is reserved for Frederic.
- Betsy Schwarm
The Pirates of Penzance: Directed by Wilford Leach. With Kevin Kline, Angela Lansbury, Linda Ronstadt, George Rose. After a young man leaves a band of pirates, hilarity ensues.
- (4K)
- Comedy, Musical, Romance
- Wilford Leach
- 1983-02-18
The story concerns Frederic, who, having completed his 21st year, is released from his apprenticeship to a band of tender-hearted pirates. He meets the daughters of Major-General Stanley ...
- 114 min
- 27K
- Orpheum Video
The Pirates of Penzance is a 1983 romantic musical comedy film written and directed by Wilford Leach based on Gilbert and Sullivan's 1879 comic opera of the same name. The film, starring Kevin Kline, Angela Lansbury, Linda Ronstadt, George Rose, and Rex Smith, is an adaptation of the 1980 Joseph Papp production of Pirates.
Gilbert and Sullivan’s most popular show, The Pirates of Penzance, is a rollicking, delightfully funny tale of a band of soft-tempered pirates. Mistakenly apprenticed to a pirate (instead of a pilot) by his nursemaid Ruth at the age of eight, the handsome Frederic is now twenty-one and, though quite fond of the group of joyous and fun-loving ...
Frederic (Rex Smith), who has spent his formative years as a junior pirate, plans to mark his 21st birthday by breaking free from the Pirate King (Kevin Kline) and beginning his courtship of...
- (16)
- Musical
- G