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The Eastern Front or the Russian Front was a theatre of World War II fought between the European Axis powers and Allies, including the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland. It encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe , and Southeast Europe , and lasted from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.
Eastern Front, (June 22, 1941–May 8, 1945), major theatre of combat during World War II that included operations in the Soviet Union, the Balkans, the Baltic States, and eastern and central Europe. The principal belligerents were the Soviet Union ( Allied powers) and Germany ( Axis powers ).
Learn about the brutal and decisive battles of the Eastern Front, where Germany invaded the Soviet Union and faced a fierce resistance. Explore the causes, consequences, and turning points of the war's most deadly theater.
Eastern Front, major theatre of combat during World War I that included operations on the main Russian front as well as campaigns in Romania. The principal belligerents were Russia and Romania (of the Allied and Associated Powers) versus the Central Powers countries of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Bulgaria.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- 2 min
- Joseph Stalin disregarded early warnings of the German attack. Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union was the largest surprise attack in military history, but according to most sources, it shouldn’t have come as a surprise at all.
- Most people believed Germany would quickly crush the Soviet Union. Operation Barbarossa was intended to deal a total defeat to the Soviets in only three to six months, but in the early days of the invasion, many thought the fall might come even sooner.
- Extreme weather conditions played a crucial role in the Soviet victory. In addition to the might of the Red Army, German troops were also worn down by “General Winter”—the nickname used to describe the deadly Soviet frost.
- Soviet women served in front line combat roles. Soviet-era Communism tended to embrace the equality of the sexes, and perhaps nowhere was this more apparent than in the attitude toward female soldiers.
Learn about the brutal and decisive battles on the Eastern Front, where the Axis powers fought against the Soviet Union and its allies. Explore topics such as the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, Stalingrad, and the Holocaust.
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Feb 16, 2022 · Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 was a disaster for Germany, despite his expectations of a quick victory. Learn how the Red Army fought back, the reasons for the German defeat and the consequences for the war.
