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Coordinates: 35°N 103°E. China, [j] officially the People's Republic of China ( PRC ), [k] is a country in East Asia. With a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the world's second-most populous country. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land.
v. t. e. The history of the People's Republic of China details the history of mainland China since 1 October 1949, when CCP chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China (PRC) from atop Tiananmen, after a near complete victory (1949) by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the Chinese Civil War.
- History
- Selection
- Powers and Duties
- Political Ranking
- Post Title
- Order of Succession
- List of State Representatives
- Spouse of The President
- See Also
Establishment in 1954
The office of state chairman (the original English translation) was first established under the 1954 Constitution. Though the ceremonial powers of the office were largely identical to those in the current Constitution, the powers of the 1954 office differed from those of the current office in two areas: military and governmental. The state chairman's military powers were defined in the 1954 Constitution as follows: "The Chairman of the People's Republic of China commands the armed forces of t...
History up to 1974
CCP Chairman Mao Zedong was the first to hold the office of state chairman. He was elected at the founding session of the National People's Congress in 1954. At the 2nd NPC in 1959, Mao was succeeded by Liu Shaoqi, first-ranked Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party. Liu was reelected as state chairman at the 3rd NPC in Jan 1965. However, in 1966, Mao launched the Cultural Revolution and by August 1966 Mao and his supporters succeeding in removing Liu from his position as party vice cha...
Abolition in 1975
When the 4th NPC was convened in 1975, its main act was to adopt a new Constitution which eliminated the office of state chairman and emphasized instead the leadership of the Communist Party over the state, including an article that made the CCP chairman supreme commander of the PLA in concurrence as chairman of the party CMC, while the duties of state representative were transferred to the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. The 5th NPC was convened two year...
Eligibility
Article 79 of the Constitution sets three qualifications for being elected for the presidency. To serve as president, one must: 1. be a Chinese citizen; 2. have the right to vote and stand for election; 3. be at least 45 years old.[non-primary source needed]
Election
According to the Organic Law of the National People's Congress (NPC), constitutionally China's highest organ of state power, the president is nominated by the NPC Presidium, the Congress's executive organ.[non-primary source needed] However, the nomination is effectively made by the Chinese Communist Party, with the decisions being made among Party leaders.Although the Presidium could theoretically nominate multiple candidates for the presidency, leading the election to be competitive, it has...
The president functions as the state representative of China both internally and externally. According to the constitution, the presidency is not a position but a state organ that represents the PRC in state activities, but one person serves the presidency.[better source needed] Under the current constitution, instated in 1982 with minor revisions ...
The political ranking of the presidency has changed throughout the decades, influenced by the officeholder of the time. 2nd President Liu Shaoqi was also the first-ranked vice chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, and ranked second in the Chinese Communist Party, behind CCP Chairman Mao Zedong. President Li Xiannian was also the 5th ranked membe...
The title of the office (Chinese: 国家主席; pinyin: Guójiā Zhǔxí), which literally translates to "state chairman", was unchanged in the Chinese text, but a new English translation of "President of the People's Republic of China" has been adopted since 1982, instead of "Chairman of the People's Republic of China".
Article 84 of the Constitution of China. If the office of president falls vacant, then the vice president succeeds to the office. If both offices fall vacant, then the chairman of the NPC Standing Committeetemporarily acts as president until the NPC can elect a new president and vice president.
Chairmen
1. Mao Zedong (27 September 1954 – 27 April 1959; Chairman of the Central People's Government 1 October 1949 – 27 September 1954) 2. Liu Shaoqi (27 April 1959 – 31 October 1968) 3. Dong Biwu (Vice-Chairman acted as the Chairman 31 October 1968 – 24 February 1972; Acted Chairman 24 February 1972 – 17 January 1975) 4. Song Qingling (Vice-Chairwoman acted as the Chairwoman 31 October 1968 – 24 February 1972; Honorary Chairwoman 16 May 1981 – 29 May 1981)
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
1. Zhu De (17 January 1975 – 6 July 1976) 2. Song Qingling (Acting Chairwoman 6 July 1976 – 5 March 1978) 3. Ye Jianying (5 March 1978 – 18 June 1983)
Presidents
1. Li Xiannian (18 June 1983 – 8 April 1988) 2. Yang Shangkun (8 April 1988 – 27 March 1993) 3. Jiang Zemin (27 March 1993 – 15 March 2003) 4. Hu Jintao (15 March 2003 – 14 March 2013) 5. Xi Jinping (14 March 2013 – present)
Since the first president, six presidents have had a spouse during their term in office. The current spouse is Peng Liyuan, wife of President Xi Jinping.
The People's Republic of China was founded on a land that was ravaged by a century of foreign invasion and civil wars. Both urban and rural communities, as well as both agriculture and industry, experienced significant growth between 1949 and 1959.
- Shanghai (metropolitan area and urban area)
The People's Republic of China (PRC) (simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和国; traditional Chinese: 中華人民共和國) is a one-party state in East Asia governed by the Communist Party of China (CPC). It was founded on 1 October 1949. It currently has more than 1.4 billion people (as of 2017).
- Beijing
- Standard Chinese, (or Putonghua)
People also ask
What is the history of the people's Republic of China?
Is China a country?
Who founded the people's Republic of China (PRC)?
Is China a communist country?
The People's Republic of China conducted censuses in 1953, 1964, 1982, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020.
China ( Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó ), officially the People's Republic of China ( PRC ), is a country in East Asia. With a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the world's second-most-populous country. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land.