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Ultra-Plinian. In 1980, volcanologist George P. L. Walker proposed Hatepe eruption as the representative of a new class called ultra-Plinian deposits, based on its exceptional dispersive power and eruptive column height. A dispersal index of 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi) has been proposed as a cutoff for an ultra-Plinian eruption.
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The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, the largest eruption...
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- List of Largest Volcanic Eruptions
The stronger eruptive types are Pelean eruptions, followed by Plinian eruptions; the strongest eruptions are called Ultra-Plinian. Subglacial and phreatic eruptions are defined by their eruptive mechanism, and vary in strength.
Apr 14, 2023 · Ultra-Plinian eruptions are the largest of all volcanic eruptions, and are so voluminous that large calderas form above vacated magma chambers. These eruptions are more intense and have a higher eruption rate than Plinian ones and form higher eruption columns.
Sub-Plinian, Plinian, and ultra-Plinian eruptions have the same eruptive style but increased energy, resulting in a continuum of increasingly high D and F, as well as eruptive column height (Cas and Wright, 1988 ), with boundaries being conventionally drawn at plume column heights of 30 km (sub-Plinian to Plinian) and 55 km (Plinian to ultra-Pli...
Ultra-Plinian. Location. Lombok, Indonesia. 8°24′36″S 116°24′30″E. / 8.41000°S 116.40833°E / -8.41000; 116.40833. VEI. 7 [1] The volcano-caldera complex in the north of Lombok. In 1257, a catastrophic eruption occurred at Samalas, a volcano on the Indonesian island of Lombok.
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- Samalas
Plinian eruptions or Vesuvian eruptions are volcanic eruptions marked by their similarity to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, which destroyed the ancient Roman cities of Herculaneum and Pompeii. The eruption was described in a letter written by Pliny the Younger, after the death of his uncle Pliny the Elder.
Jul 1, 2017 · Are classified as Ultra-Plinian in the traditional classification description (eruption style) based on characteristics of classic eruptions of well-known volcanoes. These eruptions are larger than the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE that was witnessed by Pliny the Elder. Are described qualitatively as Apocalyptic.
