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Octobre 1884. Nombre de jours. 31. Premier jour. Mercredi 1er octobre 1884. 3 e jour de la semaine 40. Dernier jour. Vendredi 31 octobre 1884. 5 e jour de la semaine 44.
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Amérique. 4 avril : traité de Valparaiso dit de la « Trêve indéfinie ». À la suite de sa victoire dans la guerre du Pacifique (1879-1884) contre la Bolivie et le Pérou, le Chili acquiert les régions de l’ Atacama et d’ Antofagasta qui contiennent des mines de nitrates et de cuivre, et le territoire d’ Arica. [. 31.
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- Background
- Conference
- General Act
- Agenda
- Aftermath
- Analysis by Historians
- See Also
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Prior to the conference, European diplomats approached African rulers and the French leaders had already invaded some parts of Lagos in the same manner as they had in the Western Hemisphere, by establishing a connection to local trade networks. In the early 1800s, the European demand for ivory, which was then often used in the production of luxury ...
The European race for colonies made Germany start launching expeditions of its own, which frightened both British and French statesmen. Hoping to quickly soothe the brewing conflict, Belgian King Leopold II convinced France and Germany that common trade in Africa was in the best interests of all three countries. Under support from the British and t...
The General Act fixed the following points: 1. Partly to gain public acceptance, the conference resolved to end slavery by African and Islamic powers. Thus, an international prohibition of the slave trade throughout their respected spheres was signed by the European members. In his novella Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad sarcastically referred to ...
Portugal–Britain: The Portuguese government presented a project, known as the "Pink Map", or the "Rose-Coloured Map", in which the colonies of Angola and Mozambique were united by co-option of the...France–Britain: A line running from Say in Niger to Maroua, on the northeastern coast of Lake Chad, determined which part belonged to whom. France would own territory to the north of the line, and...France–Germany: The area to the north of a line, formed by the intersection of the 14th meridian east and Miltou, was designated to be French, and the area to the south would be German, later calle...Britain–Germany: The separation came in the form of a line passing through Yola, on the Benue, Dekoa, going up to the extremity of Lake Chad.The conference provided an opportunity to channel latent European hostilities towards one another outward; provide new areas for assisting the European powers expand in the face of rising American, Russian and Japanese interests; and form constructive dialogue to limit future hostilities. In Africa, colonialism was introduced across nearly all the ...
Historians have long marked the Berlin Conference as the formalisation of the Scramble for Africabut recently, scholars have questioned the legal and economic impact of the conference. Some have argued the conference central to imperialism. African-American historian W. E. B. Du Bois wrote in 1948 that alongside the Atlantic slave trade in Africans...
Chamberlain, Muriel E. (2014). The Scramble for Africa. London: Longman, 1974, 4th edn. ISBN 0-582-36881-2.Craven, M. 2015. "Between law and history: the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 and the logic of free trade." London Review of International Law3, 31–59.Crowe, Sybil E. (1942). The Berlin West African Conference, 1884–1885. New York: Longmans, Green. ISBN 0-8371-3287-8(1981, New ed. edition).Förster, Stig, Wolfgang Justin Mommsen, and Ronald Edward Robinson, eds. Bismarck, Europe and Africa: The Berlin Africa conference 1884–1885 and the onset of partition (Oxford University Press, 198...Craven, Matthew. The invention of a tradition: Westlake, the Berlin Conference and the historicisation of international law(Klosterman, 2012).Leon, Daniel De (1886). "The Conference at Berlin on the West-African Question". Political Science Quarterly 1(1).Förster, Susanne, et al. "Negotiating German colonial heritage in Berlin's Afrikanisches Viertel." International Journal of Heritage Studies22.7 (2016): 515–529.Frankema, Ewout, Jeffrey G. Williamson, and P. J. Woltjer. "An economic rationale for the West African scramble? The commercial transition and the commodity price boom of 1835–1885." Journal of Eco..."The Berlin Conference", BBC In Our TimeGeneral Act of the Berlin Conference. South African History Online.Feb 12, 2006 · International Meridian Conference HELD IN THE CITY OF WASHINGTON. I. SESSION OF OCTOBER 1, 1884. The Delegates to the International Meridian Conference, who assembled in Washington upon invitation addressed by the Government of the United States to all nations holding diplomatic relations with it, "for the purpose of fixing upon a meridian proper to be employed as a common zero of longitude ...
Conférence internationale de Washington de 1884. La conférence internationale de Washington (district de Columbia, États-Unis) réunit 25 pays, du 1er octobre 1884 au 1er novembre 1884, afin d’uniformiser le partage du globe terrestre en 24 fuseaux horaires et de choisir le méridien international de référence, ou méridien zéro .
Oct 25 1st "World Championship" Baseball Series, Polo Grounds, NYC: Providence Grays (NL) beat NY Mets (American Association), 12-2 in 6 innings for 3 game sweep; game abandoned because of bitter cold. Oct 27 Architect Henry Hardenberghs Dakota apartment complex opens in NYC. Sep 1884.
4 octobre : Louis François Rodrigue Masson démissionne de son poste de conseiller législatif [2]. 11 octobre : deux bombes explosent près de la façade de l'Hôtel du Parlement. L'attentat, qui ébranle une bonne partie de la population, ne sera jamais revendiqué [15]. 20 octobre : le journal La Presse commence à paraître.
