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Monacan Indian Nation and other Siouan Tutelo-speaking tribes had lived in the area since at least 1270, driving the Virginia Algonquians eastward to the coastal areas. Explorer John Lederer visited one of the Siouan villages in 1670, on the Staunton River at Otter Creek, southwest of the present-day city, as did the Thomas Batts and Robert Fallam expedition in 1671. Siouan peoples occupied this area until about 1702; they had become weakened because of high mortality from infectious diseases. T

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 49.6 square miles, of which 49.2 square miles is land and 0.5 square miles is water.

Lynchburg offers a skilled labor force, low unemployment rate, and below average cost of living. Of Virginia's larger metro areas, Forbes Magazine ranked Lynchburg the 5th best place in Virginia for business in 2006, with Virginia being the best state in the country for business. Only 6 places in Virginia were surveyed and most of Virginia's cities were grouped together by Forbes as "Northern Virginia". Lynchburg achieved the rank of 109th in the whole nation in the same survey. Industries withi

Lynchburg uses a council-manager system. The Lynchburg City Council is has of seven members that each serve a four-year term. There are four wards that elect a member; the remaining three are elected in at-large elections where the top three candidates obtain a seat. The City Council is also responsible for appointing a city manager, city attorney, and city clerk.