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Aug 19, 2021 · How cognitive biases contribute to wrongful convictions. A type of cognitive bias that is commonly seen in wrongful conviction cases is confirmation bias — when a person selectively seeks, recalls, weights, or interprets information in ways that support their existing beliefs, expectations, or hypotheses. When initial impressions become firm ...
Nov 16, 2019 · Confirmation Bias’ Influence in Wrongful Convictions. The study found that confirmation bias was “the most connected causal factor by a significant margin” in wrongful convictions in criminal cases. They called confirmation bias the “pivotal position” in the cause of wrongful convictions.
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Apr 19, 2012 · ACLU. April 19, 2012. April 22 marks the 25th anniversary of the Supreme Court decision in McCleskey v. Kemp, in which the Court ruled that a defendant cannot rely upon statistical evidence of systemic racial bias to prove his death sentence unconstitutional, no matter how strong that evidence may be.
diagram depicting the various points in which cognitive phenomena, particularly confirmation bias and tunnel vision, can influence a criminal investigation and prosecution. We will illustrate this theoretical map with examples from exoneration cases, and situate these examples in a broader cultural context.
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Jan 1, 2019 · The current study deconstructed 50 wrongful convictions and other criminal investigative failures in order to identify the major causal factors, their characteristics and interrelationships, and the systemic nature of the overall failure.
Jul 4, 2019 · Abstract. Wrongful convictions are a form of criminal investigative failure. Such failures are sentinel events that signal underlying structural problems within a weak system environment. Similar to transportation or medical accidents, they are often the result of multiple and co-occurring causes.
Confirmation Bias and Other Systemic Causes of Wrongful Convictions: A Sentinel Events Perspective* By D. Kim Rossmo** and Joycelyn M. Pollock*** * This research was funded with a grant (2014-IJ-CX-0037) awarded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) through their Sentinel Events initiative.
