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- Definition of Recorder – A recorder is a measuring instrument that displays a time-varying signal in a form easy to examine, even after the original signal has ceased to exist. Recorders generally provide a graphic recod of variations in the quantity being measured, as well as an easily visible scale on which the indication is displayed.
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What is an electronic musical instrument?
Jul 25, 2023 · What is a recorder instrument? A recorder is a woodwind musical instrument from the fipple flute class, distinguished by its unique structure having holes for seven fingers and one for the thumb of the uppermost hand.
- 11 min
- Overview
- Precursors of electronic instruments
- Early electronic instruments
- The tape recorder as a musical tool
An electronic instrument is any musical instrument that produces or modifies sounds by electric, and usually electronic, means. The electronic element in such music is determined by the composer, and the sounds themselves are made or changed electronically.
What contributions have electronic instruments made to musical composition?
The increasing sophistication of electronic instruments has given the composer a palette of sounds ranging from pure tones at one extreme to the most complex sonic structures at the other. It has also made possible the rhythmic organization of music to a degree of subtlety and complexity previously unattainable and led to the wide acceptance of a new definition of music as organized sound.
electronic instrument, any musical instrument that produces or modifies sounds by electric, and usually electronic, means. The electronic element in such music is determined by the composer, and the sounds themselves are made or changed electronically. Instruments such as the electric guitar that generate sound by acoustic or mechanical means but that amplify the sound electrically or electronically are also considered electronic instruments. Their construction and resulting sound, however, are usually relatively similar to those of their nonelectronic counterparts.
Electricity was used in the design of musical instruments as early as 1761, when J.B. Delaborde of Paris invented an electric harpsichord. Experimental instruments incorporating solenoids, motors, and other electromechanical elements continued to be invented throughout the 19th century. One of the earliest instruments to generate musical tones by purely electric means was William Duddell’s singing arc, in which the rate of pulsation of an exposed electric arc was determined by a resonant circuit consisting of an inductor and a capacitor. Demonstrated in London in 1899, Duddell’s instrument was controlled by a keyboard, which enabled the player to change the arc’s rate of pulsation, thereby producing distinct musical notes.
The largest, and perhaps most advanced, of early electric instruments was Thaddeus Cahill’s Telharmonium. Completed in 1906, this instrument employed large rotary generators to produce alternating electric waveforms, telephone receivers equipped with horns to convert the electric waveforms into sound, and a network of wires to distribute “Telharmonic Music” to subscribers in New York City. Complex and impractical, the Telharmonium nevertheless anticipated electronic organs, synthesizers, and background music technology.
The dawn of electronic technology was marked by the invention of the triode vacuum tube in 1906 by Lee De Forest. The triode gave musical instrument developers unprecedented ability to design circuits that would produce repetitive waveforms (oscillators) and circuits that would strengthen and articulate waveforms that had already been produced (amplifiers). In the time period between World Wars I and II, many new musical instruments using electronic technology were developed. These may be classified as follows:
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1. Instruments that produce vibrations in familiar mechanical ways—the striking of strings with hammers, the bowing or plucking of strings, the activation of reeds—but with the conventional acoustic resonating agent, such as a sounding board, replaced by a pickup system, an amplifier, and a loudspeaker, which enable the performer to modify both the quality and the intensity of the tone. These instruments include electric pianos; electric organs employing vibrating reeds; electric violins, violas, cellos, and basses; and electric guitars, banjos, and mandolins.
2. Instruments that produce waveforms by electric or electronic means but use conventional performer interfaces such as keyboards and fingerboards to articulate the tones. The most successful of these was the Hammond organ, which implemented the same technical principles as the Telharmonium but used tiny rotary generators in conjunction with electronic amplification in place of large, high-power generators. The Hammond organ was placed on the market in 1935, and it remained a commercially important keyboard instrument for more than 40 years. Other, more experimental early electronic keyboard instruments used rotating electrostatic generators, rotating optical disks in conjunction with photoelectric cells, or vacuum-tube oscillators to produce sound.
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The next stage of development in electronic instruments dates from the discovery of magnetic tape recording techniques and their refinement after World War II. These techniques enable the composer to record any sounds whatever on tape and then to manipulate the tape to achieve desired effects. Sounds can be superimposed upon each other (mixed), altered in timbre by means of filters, or reverberated. Repeating sound-patterns can be created by means of tape loops. Tape splicing can be used to rearrange the attack (beginning portion) and decay (ending portion) of a sound or to combine portions of two or more sounds to form striking juxtapositions of sound with arbitrarily great length and complexity. By changing the speed of the tape, wide variations in the pitch and tempo of the recorded material can be effected; by playing the tape backward, a sound’s evolution can be reversed. Thus, the composer can exercise precise control over every aspect of his original sound material.
Although Hindemith, Ernst Toch, and others had experimented with it previously, the development of tape music began in earnest in 1948 with the work of Pierre Schaeffer and his associates at the Club d’Essai in Paris, under the auspices of Radio-diffusion et Télévision Française. They called their creations musique concrète—a term emphasizing their choice of a variety of natural sounds as raw material. These sounds were shaped, processed, and then put together (composed) to form a unified artistic whole. The Symphonie pour un homme seul (“Symphony for One Man Only”), composed by Schaeffer and his collaborator, Pierre Henry, is one of the landmarks of musique concrète, for it laid the technical and aesthetic foundations for much of the later tape music.
The recorder is a family of woodwind musical instruments in the group known as internal duct flutes: flutes with a whistle mouthpiece, also known as fipple flutes. A recorder can be distinguished from other duct flutes by the presence of a thumb-hole for the upper hand and seven finger-holes: three for the upper hand and four for the lower.
- 421.221.12, (Flute with internal duct and finger holes)
Portable, durable, and easy to learn, recorders are an ideal musical instrument for beginners and musicians of all ages. A popular choice for K-8 general music teachers, recorders are often used to teach basic music theory, and West Music also offers classroom sets at budget-friendly prices.
Apr 2, 2024 · The recorder is a woodwind instrument characterized by its cylindrical shape, finger holes, and distinct mouthpiece with a fipple or "block" that directs the player's breath into a narrow airway. It typically features a range of about two octaves and is known for its clear, flute-like sound.
An electronic musical instrument or electrophone is a musical instrument that produces sound using electronic circuitry. Such an instrument sounds by outputting an electrical, electronic or digital audio signal that ultimately is plugged into a power amplifier which drives a loudspeaker, creating the sound heard by the performer and listener.
May 2, 2022 · The best digital wind instruments allow any brass or woodwind player to expand their options for sound, recording, and technique.
