Jean-Claude Duvalier
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Mar 2, 2015 · Plagued by chronic political instability, when the populist François ‘Papa Doc’ Duvalier was elected president of the Republic of Haiti on 22 October 1957 you could have been forgiven for thinking that the crisis-rocked Caribbean state was about to turn a corner.
Apr 23, 1971 · Although patently a dictator who would not hesitate to kill his enemies in order to main tain his power over the black Republic of Haiti, Francois Duvalier would have had the world believe he...
- Early Life
- Rise to Power
- Abuse of Power
- President For Life
- For More Information
François Duvalier was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, on April 14, 1907. His family belonged to the middle class. His grandfather had been a tailor, and his father was a school-teacher and municipal court judge. Duvalier believed that his people's African traditions should be preserved and protected from the influence of European countries. He was o...
Duvalier had a solid base of support in the countryside, and his campaign was similar to those of the other candidates in that they all promised to rebuild the country and give it a new start. Duvalier, however, made various deals with one or more of the other candidates, won the army over to his side, and finally defeated Louis Déjoie, his main op...
It was during this period that Duvalier created an organization directly responsible to him, the Tontons Macoutes (also known as "Bogeymen"), the Haitian version of a secret police. Through the late 1950s to the middle 1960s this force continued to grow and was responsible for terrorizing and assassinating anyone thought to be an opponent of Duvali...
After the election of 1961 and the continuation of Duvalier's rule in 1963, many observers felt it was only a matter of time before Duvalier moved to have himself installed as permanent Haitian president. On April 1, 1964, that was exactly what happened. The Legislative Chamber, which didwhatever Duvalier wanted, rewrote the 1957 constitution, maki...
Abbott, Elizabeth. Haiti: The Duvaliers and Their Legacy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1988. Burt, Al, and Bernard Diedrich. Papa Doc.London: Bodley Head, 1970. Condit, Erin. François & Jean-Claude Duvalier. New York: Chelsea House, 1989. Ferguson, James. Papa Doc, Baby Doc: Haiti and the Duvaliers.New York: B. Blackwell, 1988.
Jan 17, 2011 · He was Francois Duvalier, who liked to be called Papa Doc. For 14 years he had held the wretchedly poor black republic of Haiti in a spell of fear. Now the spell was broken. At 64, weakened...
May 15, 2024 · François Duvalier, known as Papa Doc, wielded twin powers of state violence and voodoo. Show more. 15 May 2024. Available now.
22 April. Haiti's ruler, Francois "Papa Doc" Duvalier, has died after 14 years in power. President Duvalier, who declared himself "president for life" in 1964, died at the presidential...
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François Duvalier’s journey from a humanitarian doctor to a ruthless dictator in Haiti is a tale of transformation. His reign, marked by empowerment promises...
