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Early formulation of the theory of relativity
- He is known for his early formulation of the theory of relativity and for formulating the Poincaré conjecture, one of the most famous problems in mathematics. He also laid the groundwork for chaos theory in the process of attempting to solve the important problem of the motion of three or more bodies acting under mutual gravitation.
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Sep 3, 2013 · Henri Poincaré was a mathematician, theoretical physicist and a philosopher of science famous for discoveries in several fields and referred to as the last polymath, one who could make significant contributions in multiple areas of mathematics and the physical sciences.
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Early life and education
Poincaré was born on April 29, 1854, into an influential family in the Cité Ducale neighborhood of Nancy, France. His father, Leon Poincaré (1828-1892), was a professor of medicine at the University of Nancy (Sagaret, 1911). His younger sister, Aline, married the spiritual philosopher Emile Boutroux. Another notable member of Jules' family was his cousin Raymond Poincaré, who became the President of France (from 1913 to 1920) and a fellow member of the Académie Française. During his childhood...
Mining career
As a graduate of the École des Mines, Poincaré joined the Corps des Mines as an inspector for the Vesoul region in northeast France. He was on the scene of a mining disaster at Magny in August 1879, in which 18 miners died. He carried out the official investigation into the accident in a characteristically thorough and humane way. Because he rushed into the mine after the accident, he was at first listed among the dead in the accident. In spite of his other activities, Poincare stayed loyal t...
Doctoral work
While undertaking his professional responsibilities, Poincaré prepared for his doctorate in mathematics under the supervision of Hermite. His doctoral thesis was in the field of differential equations. Poincaré devised a new way of studying the properties of these expressions. He not only faced the question of determining the solution of such equations, but also was the first person to study their general geometric properties. He realized that they could be used to model the behavior of multi...
Poincaré made many contributions to different fields of physics and applied mathematics, such as celestial mechanics, fluid mechanics, optics, electricity, telegraphy, capillarity, elasticity, thermodynamics, potential theory, quantum theory, theory of relativity and physical cosmology. He was also a popularizer of mathematics and physics and wrote...
Poincaré's work habits have been compared to a bee flying from flower to flower. Poincaré was interested in the way his mind worked; he studied his habits and gave a talk about his observations in 1908 at the Institute of General Psychology in Paris. He linked his way of thinking to how he made several discoveries. The mathematician Darboux claimed...
Poincaré had the opposite philosophical views of Bertrand Russell and Gottlob Frege, who believed that mathematics was a branch of logic. Poincaré strongly disagreed, claiming that intuition was the life of mathematics. Poincaré gives an interesting point of view in his book Science and Hypothesis: 1. For a superficial observer, scientific truth is...
Awards 1. Oscar II, King of Sweden's mathematical competition (1887) 2. American Philosophical Society (1899) 3. Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society of London (1900) 4. Matteucci Medal (1905) 5. French Academy of Sciences (1906) 6. Académie Française (1909) 7. Bruce Medal (1911) Named after him 1. The Poincaré group used in physics and mat...
Poincaré's major contribution to algebraic topology was Analysis situs(1895), which was the first real systematic look at topology. He published two major works that placed celestial mechanics on a rigorous mathematical basis: 1. New Methods of Celestial Mechanics ISBN 1563961172(3 vols., 1892-1899; English trans., 1967) 2. Lessons of Celestial Mec...
CapillarityCelestial mechanicsElasticityThis article incorporates material from Jules Henri Poincaré on PlanetMath, which is licensed under the GFDL.
All links retrieved December 15, 2017. 1. Works by Henri Poincaré. Project Gutenberg. 2. Henri Poincaréat the Mathematics Genealogy Project. 3. John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson. Henri Poincaréat the MacTutor archive. 4. Jules Henri Poincaré. 5. Jules Henri Poincaré (1854—1912)- Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 6. Bruce Medal page.
Jan 3, 2023 · The first in-depth and comprehensive look at his many accomplishments, Henri Poincaré explores all the fields that Poincaré touched, the debates sparked by his original investigations, and how his discoveries still contribute to society today.
Mar 22, 2013 · Henri Poincaré (1854–1912) was one of the most distinguished and influential scientists of his time, active in an astonishing variety of fields spanning pure mathematics, physics, astronomy, geodesy, telegraphy, and the philosophy of science.
- Peter Pesic
- 2013
Henri Poincaré, (born April 29, 1854, Nancy, France—died July 17, 1912, Paris), French mathematician, theoretical astronomer, and philosopher of science. Born into a distinguished family of civil servants ( see Raymond Poincare), he excelled at mental calculation and possessed an unusually retentive memory.
Apr 29, 2020 · On April 29, 1854, French mathematician, theoretical physicist, engineer, and a philosopher of science Henri Poincaré was born. He is often described as a polymath, and in mathematics as The Last Universalist since he excelled in all fields of the discipline as it existed during his lifetime.
Feb 18, 2020 · The first in-depth and comprehensive look at his many accomplishments, Henri Poincaré explores all the fields that Poincaré touched, the debates sparked by his original investigations, and how his discoveries still contribute to society today.
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