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- ‘I Was The First British (…) Officer to Arrive’
- ‘Extermination Through Labour’
- ‘Once, I Found A Dog’S Tooth in A Sausage’
- ‘All The Children Were Taken Away’
- ‘Each Accused Pleaded Not Guilty, and Each Was Found Guilty’
Sent by his commanding officer to investigate reports of a nearby prisoner camp, Lieutenant S Charlton, of the 53 Reconnaissance Regiment, arrived in Neuengamme on 5 May 1945. Several concentration camps had by then been liberated, and he must have been bracing himself for the worst. He found the camp completely empty, with a civilian policeman gua...
The phrase ‘extermination through labour’ – ‘Vernichtung durch Arbeit’ in German – was reportedly coined by Joseph Goebbels, the Nazi propaganda minister, in 1942. On opening the trial in 1946, Major S M Stewart, one of the prosecutors, noted: ‘the phrase in its conciseness and in its form with all its horrifying implications is Dr Goebells [sic] a...
While visiting the camp, Lieutenant Charlton came across large dumps of turnips, which seemed to have been the basis of the prisoners’ diet. Hunger was a constant torture, and many of the prisoners were too sick to eat what little food they were given. According to statements, there were three meals a day. In 1944, breakfast consisted of 1/3-1/4 li...
Kurt Heissmeyer was an SS doctor. He wanted a professorship and, to obtain one, had to produce original research. His theory was that the injection of live tuberculosis bacilli would act as vaccination. He practiced experiments on adults in Neuengamme, then requested children. Twenty Jewish children, ten boys and ten girls, were transferred from Au...
The trial of 14 men who had held leading positions in the main camp at Neuengamme opened on 18 March 1946. Held at the Curio Haus in Hamburg, it lasted until 3 May. Over the next two years, 33 trials relating to Neuengamme and its satellite camps would be held, bringing 99 men and 19 women to justice. The 14 accused were charged with committing a w...
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Copyright pictures: Most pictures were taken by the SS. History, definition and facts about Neuengamme. In Neuengamme concentration camp and its more than 85 satellite camps, which were established all over northern Germany for construction projects and armaments production, prisoners had to do hard labour for the war economy.
View of the Neuengamme concentration camp. Prisoners stand behind the fence that separates the "protective custody" camp from the manufacturing sectors of the camp. In the distance are the crematorium and the Walther armaments works. Photograph taken between 1940 and 1945, Neuengamme, Germany.
At the end of 1938, the SS established a satellite camp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in an abandoned brick factory in the Neuengamme suburb of Hamburg. In the early summer of 1940, Neuengamme became an independent camp, and it remained the main concentration camp in north-west Germany until 1945. During the war, the Gestapo (secret ...
Photograph: Egon Holzmann, 1965. (ANg 2009-1424) Memorial. Because the site was used as an internment camp then as a prison after the war, the concentration camp was largely forgotten. For many decades, Neuengamme concentration camp faded from public memory – both in Germany and in Hamburg.
Photograph: 25th Belgian Fusiliers Battalion in Neuengamme, 1945. (ANg 2004-795) History. Neuengamme Concentration Camp. Located in south-east Hamburg, Neuengamme was the largest concentration camp in north-west Germany from 1938 to 1945. More than 100,000 people from all over Europe were imprisoned in the main camp and over 85 satellite camps.
