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John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. Mother. Blanche of Lancaster. Illuminated miniature, c. 1402. Henry IV (3 April 1367 – 20 March 1413) was a King of England. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, which is why he was often called "Henry Bolingbroke".
- Birth & Family
- Rivalry with Richard II
- Seizure of The Throne
- Rebellion
- The Long Parliament
- Death & Successor
Henry was born in April 1366 CE at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, the son of John of Gaunt (l. 1340-1399 CE), himself the son of Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377 CE) and so a claimant for the throne of Richard II (who was the grandson of Edward III and the son of Edward the Black Prince, l. 1330-1376 CE). John was a powerful but unpopular f...
By 1386 CE Henry Bolingbroke had risen to be one of the foremost barons in England, and he was a member of the disgruntled group of noblemen who took exception to the king's favouritism towards Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford. Richard had made the hugely unpopular de Vere the Duke of Ireland in December 1387 CE. The dissatisfied barons made their mo...
Henry set off from Boulogne and landed at Spurn Head northeast England with a small army, perhaps only 300 men, and then marched south to press his claim in June-July 1399 CE. The timing of the invasion was excellent because Richard was then away in Ireland. Without their king, the royalist support faded away, perhaps, too, because Richard had neve...
Henry faced an immediate crisis in September 1400 CE in Wales where Owain Glyn Dwr (b. c. 1359 CE) had declared himself the Prince of Wales. Even more ominously, the Welshman had the support of The Earl of March, whose son Edmund Mortimer, as the great-great-grandson of Edward III, was a possible claimant to Henry's throne. Also supporting the Wels...
Another source of friction at court was the king's relationship with Parliament. The so-called 'Long Parliament' of 1406 CE sat an unusually long time from March until December as it deliberated over the ever-prickly issue of state finances. Parliament was not impressed with the lack of success against the Welsh rebels or the presence of French tro...
Henry IV died on 20 March 1413 CE. He was only around 46 and had been wasting away, wracked by disease - possibly leprosy or severe eczema - since 1406 CE. In addition, the king suffered multiple strokes at the end of his life and this when his mind had already long been troubled with remorse for his treatment of King Richard. He was buried in Cant...
- Mark Cartwright
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Henry IV was a King of England. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, which is why he was often called "Henry Bolingbroke".
Death of John of Gaunt. Richard Cavendish explains the life and death of Henry IV's father, on February 3rd, 1399. King of England and its first Lancastrian monarch. He usurped the throne after leading a revolt against Richard II. He clashed with the church, Parliament and Wales.
Henry IV, Part 1 (often written as 1 Henry IV) is a history play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written not later than 1597. The play dramatises part of the reign of King Henry IV of England , beginning with the battle at Homildon Hill late in 1402, and ending with King Henry's victory in the Battle of Shrewsbury in mid-1403. [1]
- William Shakespeare
- 1947
Henry IV could mean: Henry IV of England (1367–1413), English king; Henry IV, Pt. 1, a play by William Shakespeare; Henry IV, Pt. 2, a play by William Shakespeare, sequel to the one above; Henry IV of France (1553–1610), French king; Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1050–1106), German king and Holy Roman Emperor
14th-century English monarchs. 15th-century English monarchs. Hidden categories: Commons category link is on Wikidata. Wikipedia categories named after English royalty. Wikipedia categories named after English military leaders. Wikipedia categories named after heads of state.
