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May 15, 2024 · Signs and symptoms. Most people infected with Balantidium coli experience no symptoms. Balantidium coli infects the large intestine in humans and produces infective microscopic cysts that are passed in the feces, potentially leading to re-infection or infection of others.
May 15, 2024 · At a glance. The three medications used to treat Balantidium coli infection include tetracycline, metronidazole, and iodoquinol. All three medications are available for human use in the United States. Consider safety precautions of medications in select populations.
- Causal Agents
- Life Cycle
- Hosts
- Geographic Distribution
Balantidium (=Neobalantidium) (=Balantioides) coli, a large ciliated protozoan, is the only ciliate known to be capable of infecting humans. It is often associated with swine, the primary reservoir host. Recent molecular analyses have suggested the need for taxonomic revision, and it is now sometimes referred to as Neobalantidium coli or Balantioid...
Cysts are the stage responsible for transmission of balantidiasis . The host most often acquires the cyst through ingestion of contaminated food or water . Following ingestion, excystation occurs in the small intestine, and the trophozoites colonize the large intestine . The trophozoites reside in the lumen of the large intestine and appendix of hu...
Swine are the primary reservoir hosts. Humans can also be reservoirs, and other potential animal hosts include rodents and nonhuman primates.
Balantidium coli occurs worldwide. Because pigs are the primary reservoir, human infections occur more frequently in areas where pigs are raised and sanitation is inadequate.
Oct 23, 2023 · CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS. Three forms of B. coli infection can occur: asymptomatic cyst excretion, acute colitis, and chronic infection [ 9-11 ]. Most cases are asymptomatic; patients with comorbidities (particularly immunosuppression) or other infections are at increased risk for developing symptomatic infection [ 12-14 ].
May 14, 2021 · It is known that pigs are considered the main reservoirs of B. coli, and the proximity of humans to this animal has favored its transmission. In addition, wild pig can contaminate the environment with protozoan cysts, resistance structures, which can be ingested by humans when they ingest contaminated water and food, such as fruits and vegetables.
- Alynne Da Silva Barbosa
- 10.4103/tp.tp_5_21
- 2021
- Trop Parasitol. 2021 Jan-Jun; 11(1): 64-67.
Aug 25, 2023 · Cyst of Balantidium coli in feces. This photograph demonstrates a thick cyst wall and a large macronucleus (X820). Courtesy Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP 75-9301).
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May 11, 2009 · Signs & Symptoms. Most people with Balantidiasis are asymptomatic or present mild symptoms. Some individuals may become acutely ill with abnormally high temperatures, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea.
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