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What causes febrile seizures?
Who gets febrile seizures?
What are the risk factors for a febrile seizure?
Nov 2, 2020 · A febrile seizure is a neurological abnormality that occurs as a result of a peripheral infection, to which the immune system reacts by producing an inflammatory response thereby, inducing a fever and subsequently increasing the core temperature of the body. 1 The increase in temperature leads to increased neuronal excitability resulting in ...
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A diagram depicting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex...
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A diagram depicting the pathogenesis of febrile seizures:...
- Status Epilepticus
In 1993, the American Epilepsy Society Working Group on...
- Febrile Seizures
Introduction. Febrile seizure (FS) is the most common type...
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•Causes
•Risk factors
•Complications
Usually, a child having a febrile seizure shakes all over and loses consciousness. Sometimes, the child may get very stiff or twitch in just one area of the body.
A child having a febrile seizure may:
•Have a fever higher than 100.4 F (38.0 C)
•Lose consciousness
•Shake or jerk the arms and legs
Febrile seizures are classified as simple or complex:
See your child's doctor as soon as possible after your child's first febrile seizure, even if it lasts only a few seconds. Call an ambulance to take your child to the emergency room if the seizure lasts longer than five minutes or is accompanied by:
•Vomiting
•A stiff neck
•Breathing problems
•Extreme sleepiness
Request an appointment
Infection
The fevers that trigger febrile seizures are usually caused by a viral infection, and less commonly by a bacterial infection. The flu (influenza) virus and the virus that causes roseola, which often are accompanied by high fevers, appear to be most frequently associated with febrile seizures.
Post-vaccination seizures
The risk of febrile seizures may increase after some childhood vaccinations. These include the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine and the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. A child can develop a low-grade fever after a vaccination. The fever, not the vaccine, causes the seizure.
Factors that increase the risk of having a febrile seizure include:
•Young age. Most febrile seizures occur in children between 6 months and 5 years of age, with the greatest risk between 12 and 18 months of age.
Most febrile seizures produce no lasting effects. Simple febrile seizures don't cause brain damage, intellectual disability or learning disabilities, and they don't mean your child has a more serious underlying disorder.
Febrile seizures are provoked seizures and don't indicate epilepsy. Epilepsy is a condition characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures caused by abnormal electrical signals in the brain.
Giving your child medications
Giving your child infants' or children's acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) at the beginning of a fever may make your child more comfortable, but it won't prevent a seizure. Use caution when giving aspirin to children or teenagers. Though aspirin is approved for use in children older than age 3, children and teenagers recovering from chickenpox or flu-like symptoms should never take aspirin. This is because aspirin has been linked to Reye's syndrome, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, in such children.
Prescription prevention medications
Rarely, prescription anticonvulsant medications are used to try to prevent febrile seizures. However, these medications can have serious side effects that may outweigh any possible benefit. Rectal diazepam (Diastat) or nasal midazolam might be prescribed to be used as needed for children who are prone to long febrile seizures. These medications are typically used to treat seizures that last longer than five minutes or if the child has more than one seizure within 24 hours. They are not typically used to prevent febrile seizures. Request an appointment By Mayo Clinic Staff Mar 03, 2023 1.Febrile seizures fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Febrile-Seizures-Fact-Sheet. Accessed Jan. 12, 2021. 2.Millichap JG, et al. Clinical features and evaluation of febrile seizures. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Jan. 12, 2021. 3.Millichap JG, et al. Treatment and prognosis of febrile seizures. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Jan. 12, 2021. 4.AskMayoExpert. Febrile seizure (child). Mayo Clinic. 2019. 5.Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures. Febrile seizures: Guideline for the neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with a simple febrile seizure. American Academy of Pediatrics. 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-3318. 6.Wong-Kisiel LC (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. Jan. 13, 2021. Diagnosis & treatment 1.Diseases & Conditions 2.Febrile seizure symptoms & causes
Nov 28, 2023 · Last reviewed on November 28, 2023. Febrile seizures are seizures or convulsions that occur in young children. They are triggered by fever typically above 101 degrees Fahrenheit (38.3 degrees Celsius). Seizures may happen during illnesses such as a cold, the flu, or an ear infection.
Apr 23, 2022 · Complex febrile seizures are more likely to require treatment and may suggest an increased risk of seizure disorders later in life. What are the three main signs and symptoms of febrile seizures? Hallmark symptoms of a febrile seizure include:
Febrile seizures are considered “simple” if they meet all of the following criteria: Generalized full body convulsions; Last less than 15 minutes; No more than one in a 24-hour period; Febrile seizures are considered “complex or complicated” if any of the following features are present: Start focally with one body part moving ...
Jan 19, 2024 · The primary febrile seizure risk factors appear to include existing neurologic impairment, the presence of a viral infection, a family history of seizure, developmental delay, decreased serum zinc and iron levels, and maternal smoking and stress. Most febrile seizures resolve spontaneously without associated complications.
Diseases & Conditions. Seizures. Request an Appointment. Symptoms & causes. Diagnosis & treatment. Doctors & departments. Care at Mayo Clinic. Overview. A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled burst of electrical activity in the brain. It can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings and levels of consciousness.
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related to: causes of febrile seizure seizures in adultsRead More About This Treatment Option for Your Patients Experiencing Focal Seizures Today. Download Prescribing Information & Additional Resources Available on the HCP Site.
Treat seizures associated with Dravet sooner with an FDA-approved treatment option. When seizures start as early as 6 months, early intervention matters. Learn why.
Learn About An Epilepsy Medication That Treats Partial-Onset Seizures in Adults. If You Have Epilepsy And Are Living Life With Partial-Onset Seizures, We Can Help.