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- Charge, Q, is a physical quantity, which can be either positive or negative. It is measured in coulombs (C), where 1 coulomb is defined as the flow of charge in a time of 1 second when the current is 1 ampere. It has the SI base units of Is. Like charges repel each other, whereas opposite charges attract each other.
visualize the fact that charges can exert forces on each other without being in contact. A total electric charge Q present on an object produces an electric field E in the space surrounding it, analogous to the gravitational field due to a mass. The charge Q is distributed on the red object above.
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• Define electric charge, and describe how the two types of charge interact. • Describe three common situations that generate static electricity. • State the law of conservation of charge.
There are two kinds of electric charges. Negative charges are the type possessed by electrons. Positive charges are the type possessed by protons. For example, a hydrogen atom has a proton and an electron. The force between them bound them into an atom.
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The electric field is an alteration of space caused by the presence of an electric charge. The electric field mediates the electric force between a source charge and a test charge. The electric field, like the electric force, obeys the superposition principle.
These class notes are designed for use of the instructor and students of the course PHYS-2020: General Physics II taught by Dr. Donald Luttermoser at East Tennessee State University. These notes make reference to the College Physics, 10th Hybrid Edition (2015) textbook by Serway and Vuille.
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Charges, Coulomb’s Law, and Electric Fields Some experimental facts: Experimental fact 1: Electric charge comes in two types, which we call (+) and (−). An atom consists of a heavy (+) charged nucleus surrounded by light (−) electrons. nucleus = (+) charged protons and (0) charged neutrons
Charge, Q, is a physical quantity, which can be either positive or negative. It is measured in coulombs (C), where 1 coulomb is defined as the flow of charge in a time of 1 second when the current is 1 ampere. It has the SI base units of Is. Like charges repel each other, whereas opposite charges attract each other.
