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- Fluency is the ability to read words, phrases, sentences, and stories accurately, with enough speed, and expression.
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the range of definitions for fluency, primary features of fluent reading, and studies that have attempted to improve the fluency of struggling readers. They found that (a) fluency instruction is generally
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- Improving Reading Accuracy
- Improving Reading Rate
- Improving Phrasing and Expression
- Assessing Fluency
When students more accurately decode or recognize words, their fluency improves. Try these strategies:
The optimal reading rate is not too slow ortoo fast. Strong readers vary their rate to support comprehension. These strategies can help your students find the right balance between tortoise and hare:
Anyone who’s had the pleasure of listening to a truly expressive reader knows how it can transform a text. Check out these teacher-tested ideas for improving students’ prosody:
Of course, assessment is a key piece of both determining students’ fluency needs and tracking progress. Bookmark these resources:
definition of fluency endorsed by the American Speech–Language–Hearing Associa-tion (ASHA) invokes not one, but at least two of the above-mentioned definitions. ASHA (1999) defines fluency as “the aspect of speech production that refers to the continuity, smoothness, rate, and/or effort with which phonologic, lexical, morpho-
- Gina Biancarosa, Lina Shanley
- 2016
Fluency is the ability to read "like you speak." Hudson, Lane, and Pullen define fluency this way: "Reading fluency is made up of at least three key elements: accurate reading of connected text at a conversational rate with appropriate prosody or expression."
Fluency is the ability to read words, phrases, sentences, and stories accurately, with enough speed, and expression. It is important to remember that fluency is not an end in itself but a critical gateway to comprehension.
Dec 12, 2015 · We include an overview of definitions and exemplars of fluency in language use, reading, and mathematics followed by an exploration of fluency concepts (e.g., automaticity, efficiency, and procedural skill) and considerations for research.
In its beginnings, reading fluency is the product of the initial development of accuracy and the subsequent development of automaticity in underlying sublexical processes, lexical processes, and their integration in single word reading and connected text.
