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- Introduction
- Step 1: Project Scoping and Kickoff
- Step 2: Plan for Data Collection
- RELATED CITAP RESOURCES
- Step 4: Data Analysis
- Step 5: Develop Observations
- Step 6: Observation Review by Subject Matter Experts
- Step 7: Develop After-Action Review Products
- Step 8: Organizational and Leadership Reviews
- After-Action Review Products
- After-Action Report
- Quick Look Report
- After-Action Review Briefing
- Action Plan
- Conclusion
- Learn More about FEMA’s Continuous Improvement Technical Assistance Program
The After-Action Review User Guide outlines how to prepare for and conduct an after-action review for a real-world incident. After-action reviews provide an approach for organizations or teams to assess performance and to identify and learn from data-supported findings. Within continuous improvement, after-action reviews focus on real-world inciden...
Before starting data collection, it is important to define the purpose and consider expected end products. Project scoping helps set expectations upfront and serves as a guide throughout the after-action review process. When scoping a project, organizations should use a scoping plan, which is a flexible document that defines the high-level paramete...
Planning for data collection is an important step because it improves alignment of data to the expectations established during project scoping. One approach to plan for data collection is to use a Collection Analysis Plan (CAP). A CAP defines collection priorities, such as what operational areas to focus on, and organizes and establishes an approac...
Beyond the information provided in NCIG, CITAP provides resources related to specific data collection methods. For additional resources focused on data collection and analysis, visit FEMA’s CITAP PrepToolkit website: https://preptoolkit.fema.gov/web/cip-citap/templates-and-resources.
Data analysis is the process of interpreting data to discover useful information, formulate conclusions, and support decision-making. It enables continuous improvement personnel to compare what happened during an event to what should have happened. Once data has been collected, it should be validated to determine the correctness and reasonableness ...
Data collected and analyzed can be communicated through written observations, which explains what occurred and provides supporting evidence. Observations from an incident are independent summaries of information and can be compiled into an after-action report (AAR) or used to inform the development of other continuous improvement products. Strong o...
After drafting the observation, the observation should be shared with subject-matter experts, including interviewees, hotwash participants, focus group participants, and/or survey respondents who have knowledge about the observation or additional context regarding why certain actions were taken. These could be people who did not participate in data...
After observations are reviewed and confirmed, the next step is to develop the after-action review product(s). For a list and description of four common after-action review products (AARs, quick look reports (QLRs), after-action briefings, and action plans), see the After-Action Review Products section below.
Leadership can help with general oversight of product development and should review and approve final versions of after-action review products. Keeping leadership involved throughout the after-action process can help make sure organizational priorities are emphasized and can help with leadership buy-in moving forward. For example, an observation fr...
Organizations can develop a variety of after-action review products, which may vary based on the intended audience and goals of developing the product. Some common after-action review products include AARs, QLRs, after-action briefings, and action plans. Though not an exhaustive list, these four common after-action review products are described bel...
An AAR is developed after exercises and real-world incidents to summarize key information and continuous improvement-related analytical findings, including observations and recommended actions. It is a detailed and comprehensive document that describes what went well and what did not go well, considers why, and provides recommended actions. An AAR ...
QLR is a time-sensitive document that may precede a full AAR and highlights major findings or high-priority issues from an after-action review that require attention. A QLR often focuses on a more limited set of priorities. A QLR is used to inform senior leaders, decision makers, and program areas about major findings requiring attention. A QLR sho...
An After-Action Review Briefing is a presentation to leadership on the incident that includes major takeaways, including observations with supporting data. The briefing may include methodology, recommended actions, and other elements of the AAR, QLR, or Action Plan. The After-Action Review Briefing is commonly produced following an AAR. It typicall...
The Action Plan is another common after-action review product that follows a table or spreadsheet layout. After the APW is conducted, the Action Plan is the central repository for recommended actions and associated observations. The Action Plan can be used to present recommended actions that were determined for each observation and to define the fu...
The after-action review process is crucial to continuous improvement in emergency management. It helps to make sense of the data collected during the continuous improvement Discovery Phase, analyze the data in the Validation Phase, and move into the development, tracking, and implementation of recommended actions during the Resolution Phase. Figure...
This After-Action Review User Guide was developed by FEMA’s Continuous Improvement Technical Assistance Program. For additional information about the program, visit https://preptoolkit.fema.gov/web/cip-citap/community-home or email FEMA-CITAP@fema.dhs.gov. The After-Action Review User Guide process is referenced in NCIG, which can be found at: http...
May 10, 2023 · Organized by region, browse libraries of documents related to environmental assessments and public notices issued by FEMA. Environmental Assessments (EAs) and associated documents are generated to fulfill the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA).
FIS Report template, which outlines the sections, tables, text, and other components of the FIS Report, has been created to align with the information contained in this Technical References. The tables included within the FIS Report and the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) Database Technical
Sep 1, 2020 · FEMA issues guidance documents to help the public understand how the agency administers its statutory and regulatory authorities. Consistent with Executive Order 13891 (Promoting the Rule of Law Through Improved Agency Guidance Documents), FEMA posts agency guidance documents on this page.
This handout provides a general guide to writing reports about scientific research you’ve performed. In addition to describing the conventional rules about the format and content of a lab report, we’ll also attempt to convey why these rules exist, so you’ll get a clearer, more dependable idea of how to approach this writing situation.
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What is a scientific report? A scientific report documents all aspects of an experimental investigation. This includes: A title. The aim of the experiment. The hypothesis. An introduction to the relevant background theory. The methods used. The results. A discussion of the results. The conclusion.
