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the scientific study of mental processes including perception, thought, memory, and experience. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Define psychology, Goals of psychologists in terms of both basic science and application., Willhelm Wundt (1879) and more.
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Psychology in Everyday Life Chapter 1 Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free.
1. Defining Psychology and Exploring Its Roots Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. As a science, psychology uses scientific methods to observe, describe, and predict behavior. Behavior is everything that a person does that can be directly observed.
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- Personality Development
- Positive Regard and Self Worth
- Congruence & Incongruence
- Self Actualization
- The Fully Functioning Person
Central to Rogers’ personality theory is the notion of self or self-concept. This is “the organized, consistent set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself.” Carl Rogers’ self-concept is a central theme in his humanistic theory of psychology. It encompasses an individual’s self-image (how they see themselves), self-esteem (how much value they plac...
Carl Rogers (1951) viewed the child as having two basic needs: positive regard from other people and self-worth. How we think about ourselves and our feelings of self-worth are of fundamental importance to psychological health and the likelihood that we can achieve goals and ambitions in life and self-actualization. Self-worth may be seen as a cont...
A person’s ideal self may not be consistent with what actually happens in life and the experiences of the person. Hence, a difference may exist between a person’s ideal self and actual experience. This is called incongruence. Where a person’s ideal self and actual experience are consistent or very similar, a state of congruence exists. Rarely, if e...
Rogers rejected the deterministic nature of both psychoanalysisand behaviorism and maintained that we behave as we do because of the way we perceive our situation. “As no one else can know how we perceive, we are the best experts on ourselves.” Carl Rogers (1959) believed that humans have one basic motive, which is the tendency to self-actualize– i...
Rogers believed that every person could achieve their goal. This means that the person is in touch with the here and now, his or her subjective experiences and feelings, continually growing and changing. In many ways, Rogers regarded the fully functioning person as an ideal and one that people do not ultimately achieve. It is wrong to think of this...
An important insight about habits is that they are activated by triggers in the environment. These triggers can be people or places, events or the time of day. The important idea is that we have learned to respond to something outside of us (i.e., the trigger) with a specific behavior (the habit).
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Define psychology. Understand the merits of an education in psychology. In Greek mythology, Psyche was a mortal woman whose beauty was so great that it rivaled that of the goddess Aphrodite. Aphrodite became so jealous of Psyche that she sent her son, Eros, to make Psyche fall in love with the ugliest man in the world.
