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Reservoir. The reservoir of an infectious agent is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies. Reservoirs include humans, animals, and the environment. The reservoir may or may not be the source from which an agent is transferred to a host.
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Dec 24, 2022 · The natural reservoir of some diseases remains unknown. In epidemiology, an epidemic occurs when new cases of a certain disease, in a given human population, and during a given period, substantially exceed what is expected based on recent experience.
Jul 22, 2022 · A human acting as a reservoir of a pathogen may or may not be capable of transmitting the pathogen, depending on the stage of infection and the pathogen. To help prevent the spread of disease among school children, the CDC has developed guidelines based on the risk of transmission during the course of the disease.
Therefore, we define a reservoir as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the defined target population.
- Daniel T. Haydon, Sarah Cleaveland, Louise H. Taylor, M. Karen Laurenson
- 10.3201/eid0812.010317
- 2002
- Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Dec; 8(12): 1468-1473.
- Reservoir Host Definition
- Types of Reservoirs
- Common Characteristics of Reservoir Hosts
- Examples of Reservoir Hosts
- Modes of Transmission
- Biological Importance of Reservoir Hosts
- References
A reservoir host is a host that harbors the pathogen and serves as a source of the infective agent that it transmits to a potential host. Reservoir hosts may or may not show ill effects. Often, they show no symptoms (asymptomatic). The disease may spread rather easily when a pathogen is widespread and utilizes various reservoirs. Carriersof the dis...
Here are the different types of reservoirs. Human reservoirs are when humans serve as reservoirs of the disease-causing agent. In human disease cases, humans can be both reservoirs and definitive hosts. For instance, some people are carriers of the disease and do not develop the disease, and therefore they may unknowingly transmit the pathogen to a...
Taking into consideration animals as reservoirs, it seems there are particular species that serve as reservoirs more often than other species. Or, let’s take humans as an example. Not all of them will be susceptible to the disease. Rather, they become carriers of the pathogen. What makes them reservoirs? Here are some of the common characteristicst...
Here are some examples of commonly recognized reservoir host species for certain infectious diseases: 1. Birds are reservoirs of the West Nile virus but not all birds are. According to WHO, the virus is not pathogenic for birds in Europe, Africa, and Asia but highly for those in the Americas. (WHO, 2017) The West Nile virus can cause a fatal neurol...
Pathogens are transmitted from reservoir hosts to susceptible hosts via direct or indirect transmission. 1. Direct transmission is how the agent is transferred from the infected hosts or sources to the susceptible hosts directly, which means it can be any of these routes: 1.1. Person-to-person: occurs when the agent is transmitted from the infected...
So far, we’ve become acquainted with reservoir hosts playing a crucial role in the life history of the pathogens. With a wide host range, pathogens can exploit different host species for their transmission, thus, would have better chances of perpetuating their existence as a species than those with limited reservoir species. What could be worse for...
Ashford, R. W. (2001). When Is a Reservoir Not a Reservoir? Emerging Infectious Diseases, 9(11), 1495–1496. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0911.030088Haydon, D. T., Cleaveland, S., Taylor, L. H., & M. Karen Laurenson. (2002). Identifying Reservoirs of Infection: A Conceptual and Practical Challenge. 8(12), 1468–1473. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0...Principles of Epidemiology. (2023). https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section10.htmlSmall, H. J., & Pagenkopp, K. M. (2011). Reservoirs and alternate hosts for pathogens of commercially important crustaceans: A review. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 106(1), 153–164. https://do...We propose that a reservoir be defined as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the defined target population. Populations in a reservoir may be the same or a different species as the target and may include vector species.
Apr 11, 2014 · Abstract. Many pathogens persist in multihost systems, making the identification of infection reservoirs crucial for devising effective interventions. Here, we present a conceptual framework for classifying patterns of incidence and prevalence, and review recent scientific advances that allow us to study and manage reservoirs simultaneously.
