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  1. May 5, 2014 · The name Macedonia comes from the Greek adjective μακεδος (makedos), meaning tall or slender, and which is a variant spelling of the word μηκεδανος (mekedanos), meaning long. Both words are closely related to the familiar adjective μακρος ( makros ), meaning long or distant:

  2. Jun 2, 2024 · From Ancient Greek ἥλιος (hḗlios, “sun, sunlight”), from Proto-Hellenic *hāwélios, from a pre-Hellenic or later Proto-Indo-European *sāwélios, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. Cognate with Mariupol Greek и́люс (íljus).

  3. There are six meanings listed in OED's entry for the adjective sunless, one of which is labelled obsolete. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.

    • Early History & Relations with Greece
    • Early Kings & Culture
    • Philip II
    • Alexander The Great
    • Hellenistic Macedon & Rome
    • Conclusion

    In the early 7th century BCE the Macedonians, under their king Caranus, settled in the central part of the region and, in time, colonized to the north and south, dislocating the Thessalians and Illyrians who had been living there. Prior to their arrival the land was known as Emathia (according to Homer, 8th century BCE and, later, Strabo, 63 BCE-23...

    The early kings prior to Alexander I are semi-historic and little is known of their reigns. Alexander I's father, Amyntas I (r. 547-498 BCE), is the first Macedonian king on record as entering into treaties and compacts with other nations. It is under the reign of Amyntas I that Macedonia becomes a vassal state of the Persian Empirein c. 511 BCE. A...

    Alexander II was assassinated in 368 BCE and the throne went to Ptolemy of Aloros (r. 368-365 BCE), his assassin, who claimed legitimacy through marriage – or at least an affair – with Amyntas III's widow, Eurydice. The aristocracy of Macedon disapproved of his methods and his overall rule and he was assassinated by Perdiccas III (r. 365-360 BCE) w...

    Philip II had been planning a military campaign against Persia – then the most powerful empire in the world – and Alexander instantly renewed these plans. In 334 BCE he crossed from Greece to Asia Minor with a force of 32,000 infantry and 5,100 cavalry and took the city of Baalbek. In 333 BCE he ably defeated the armies of Darius III at the Battle ...

    Alexander named no successor and so his empire was divided between his four generals, Lysimachus (who would rule Thrace and Asia Minor); Ptolemy I (Egypt, Palestine, Cilicia, Nabatea, Cyprus); Seleucus (Mesopotamia, the Levant, Persia, and India); and Cassander who took Macedonia and Greece. These four were known as the Diadochi (successors) and ev...

    Slavic invasions of the region began around the 5th century CE as Rome was falling and continued through the 7th century CE. In 681 CE the First Bulgarian Empire was founded in the region by the Bulgar tribes which would last until 1018 CE when the region was taken by the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines held it until 1453 CE when they were defeate...

    • Joshua J. Mark
  4. sunless (comparative more sunless, superlative most sunless) Without the sun or sunshine; shaded; shadowed. (figuratively) Dreary, cheerless.

  5. The name Macedonia (Greek: Μακεδονία, Makedonía) comes from the ethnonym Μακεδόνες (Makedónes), which itself is derived from the ancient Greek adjective μακεδνός (makednós), meaning "tall, slim", also the name of a people related to the Dorians (Herodotus), and possibly descriptive of Ancient Macedonians. [ 10 ]

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  7. Macedonia is the largest and second-most-populous geographic region in Greece, with a population of 2.36 million (as of 2020). It is highly mountainous, with major urban centres such as Thessaloniki and Kavala being concentrated on its southern coastline.

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