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The structure of the dengue virus is roughly spherical, with a diameter of approximately 50 nm (1 nm is one millionth of 1 mm) (Figure 3). The core of the virus is the nucleocapsid, a...
Sep 20, 2019 · Genomic Structure of Dengue Virus. The DENV genome consists of a single, positive-strand RNA of ~11 kb. A type I cap is present at the 5′ end, followed by the conserved dinucleotide 5′-AG-3′ (Cleaves and Dubin, 1979). The 3′ end of the genome lacks a polyadenylate tail and terminates in a conserved 5′-CU-OH 3′ (Wengler and Wengler, 1981
- Amudhan Murugesan, Mythreyee Manoharan
- 2020
- 10.1016/B978-0-12-819400-3.00016-8
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Feb 5, 2010 · This animation zooms into a 3D model of dengue virus, moving from the virus’s outer structures to its inner core. As shown in the animation, the outside of the dengue virus is made up of glycoproteins arranged in geometric patterns of two-, three-, and five-fold symmetry. These glycoproteins float over a lipid bilayer that covers the ...
- What Is Dengue and Dengue Virus?
- Structure and Genome of Dengue Virus
- Epidemiology of Dengue
- Transmission of Dengue Virus
- Dengue Virus Replication
- Pathogenesis of Dengue
- Clinical Manifestations of Dengue
- Diagnosis of Dengue Virus
- Treatment of Dengue
- Vaccines of Dengue
Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection caused by a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family known as the Dengue virus (DENV).It is transmitted by different species of female Aedesmosquito, primarily Aedes aegyptifollowed by Aedes albopictusand other species of Aedes.The dengue virus has 4 antigenically distinct serotypes; DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. A fifth serotype (DENV-5) has been detected in Malaysia in October 2013.The disease mainly occurs in tropical and subtropical regions with approximately 390 million dengue virus infections per year of which 96 million are symptomatic.Figure: The dengue virus structure and genome. (a) Schematic representation of structural proteins in immature and mature dengue viral particles. (b) Schematic representation of the flavivirus genome organization and expression: structural and nonstructural protein-coding regions and topology of the polyprotein in the membrane of the endoplasmic re...
Dengue has become one of the most widespread mosquito-borne diseases across the world with incidence increasing 30-fold in the last five decades.It is endemic to 128 countries currently, mostly targeting the developing countries. The most prevalent regions include America, South-East Asia, and Western Pacific, while Asia itself harboring al...The highest number of dengue cases globally was reported in 2019.The transmission of the dengue virus occurs through the bite of female mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, primarily Aedes aegyptifollowed by Aedes albopictus and Aedes polynesiensis depending on the ge...After feeding on a DENV-infected individual, the virus replicates in the midgut of the mosquito, reaches the hemocoel and hemolymph, and further disseminates to other secondary tissues like the sal...Studies have shown the presence of the viral particles within the nervous system, salivary glands, foregut, midgut, fat body, epidermal cells, ovary, and internal body wall lining cells of the mosq...The extrinsic incubation period (EIP), which is the time taken from entry of the virus to actual transmission to the new host, takes about 8-12 days with temperatures between 25-28°C.The various stages in the viral replication include: 1. Virus entry:The virus enters into the host cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis although the exact cell-surface receptors have not yet been identified. Some possible cellular receptors include various glycoproteins (i.e heparin sulfates), dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion mo...
Most primary infections of dengue with a certain serotype are asymptomatic and only lead to mild febrile illness, although some individuals can develop hemorrhagic fever.Secondary infection with a different serotype may however lead to severe clinical manifestations like dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS).An individual develops immunity after infection from a serotype against it, however, they are still prone to future infections from the other serotypes of the virus as the heterologous immunity dec...Many viral, as well as host factors, contribute to the pathogenesis of DENV such as the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) viral antigen, dengue virus genome variations, subgenomic RNA, antibody-depend...Dengue infections may be asymptomatic or symptomatic causing undifferentiated fever, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dengue shock syndrome.
Diagnosis of dengue infection based only on clinical symptoms are unreliable as it produces a wide range of symptoms that are often non-specific.Early detection and treatment of the infection can prevent the development of severe manifestations as well as the death of the patients.The dengue infections can be diagnosed by virus isolation techniques in suitable culture media, detection by RNA amplification tests, detection of viral antigens by ELISA, or through rapid kit tests.NS1 antigen detections are also commercially available for its diagnosis that give results within a few hours. Rapid antigen kits can provide results in less than an hour. However, these tests are...Specific treatment for dengue fever is not yet available.Fluid replacement and antipyretic therapy with paracetamol or acetaminophen can be used during the febrile phase.Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin should be avoided in case of dengue infections. Intravenous fluid administration is considered mandatory in cases of shock, severe vom...Crystalloids make up the first-line treatment choice of intravenous fluid.A tetravalent vaccine is preferred to protect individuals from all four dengue virus types.Although the various types of vaccines (live attenuated, chimeric, DNA, and subunits vaccine) have shown positive results, none of them entirely suffice for routine use.Dengvaxia has been licensed and made available in some countries for people between the ages of 9 to 45 years.However, the WHO has recommended the vaccine to people who have had previous dengue infection only as it imposes an increased risk of disease severity in people who get infected with the virus for...2019. 2018. 2017. 2016. Dengue p. 164. External Links. Medscape. Wikipedia. Summary. Dengue virus is a single-stranded RNA virus known to cause dengue fever.
Do you know much about dengue viruses? Use this interactive/printable quiz and worksheet combo to test your knowledge of dengue viruses, including...
