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An alternative theory, suggested by Eric P. Hamp, is that Phrygian was most closely related to Italo-Celtic languages. Inscriptions. The Phrygian epigraphical material is divided into two distinct subcorpora, Old Phrygian and New Phrygian. These attest different stages of the Phrygian language, are written with different alphabets and upon ...
The superlative formant *- ism̥mo- seems the strongest argument for Italo-Celtic. It should be noted, by the way, that the same formant is continued in (para-)Venetic ( venixema from Emona), but this is unproblematic if one believes, as I do, that Venetic was an Italic language.
The r-passive (mediopassive voice) was initially thought to be an innovation restricted to Italo-Celtic until it was found to be a retained archaism shared with Hittite, Tocharian, and possibly the Phrygian language.
The first one discusses the reality of an Italo-Celtic subgroup within the Indo-European language family, concluding that there is enough evidence to assume a genuine but short-lived subgroup. The second subsection analyses the overall position of Italo-Celtic in the family tree.
different is that Phrygian alone is now seen as forming a subgroup with Italo-Celtic, whereas the 1989 tree had Italo-Celtic, Tocharian, Phrygian, Messapic, “Illyrian”, and Germanic, all as first-generation descendants of Northwest Indo-European, together with an “EASTERN NODE” (as a sibling in the same generation as Italo-Celtic and so ...
Phrygian belongs to the centum group of IE languages (Ligorio and Lubotsky 2018: 1824). Together with Greek, Celtic, Italic, Germanic, Hittite and Tocharian, Phrygian merged the old palatovelars with plain velars in a first step: NPhr.
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Was Phrygian related to Italo-Celtic languages?
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Is there a connection between Celtic and Phrygian?
The aim of this paper is to gather together certain relevant features of Phrygian based on our current knowledge of the language in order to determine its dialectal position inside the Indo-European family.
