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A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language. A speaker's dominant language, which is the language a speaker uses most or is most comfortable with, is not necessarily the speaker's ...
- Loudspeaker
A loudspeaker (commonly referred to as a speaker or speaker...
- L2 speakers
Language links are at the top of the page across from the...
- Loudspeaker
Second-language acquisition ( SLA ), sometimes called second-language learning —otherwise referred to as L2 ( language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language. Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.
The World Factbook, produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), estimates the ten most spoken languages ( L1 + L2) in 2022 as follows: [46] See also. Lingua franca. Lists of languages. List of languages by number of native speakers. List of languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language.
LanguageFamilyBranchFirst-language (l1) SpeakersEnglish (excl. creole languages )380 millionMandarin Chinese (incl. Standard Chinese, ...939 millionHindi (excl. Urdu )345 millionSpanish (excl. creole languages )485 millionRichard Nordquist. Updated on January 06, 2020. A second language is any language that a person uses other than a first or native language. Contemporary linguists and educators commonly use the term L1 to refer to a first or native language, and the term L2 to refer to a second language or a foreign language that's being studied.
This Element provides a synthesis of contemporary research on the interplay between language and cognition in speakers of two or more languages and examines variables deemed to impact bilingual acquisition and conceptualization of language-specific thinking patterns during L2 learning.
